Croesus was a wealthy king of Lydia, a kingdom in ancient Asia Minor (modern-day Turkey), who ruled during the 6th century BCE. He is best known for his legendary wealth and for his defeat by the Persian king Cyrus the Great, which marked the beginning of the Persian Empire. Croesus is also remembered for his patronage of the arts, including music, poetry, and architecture. His name has become proverbial for great wealth and luxury, as in the phrase "rich as Croesus."
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