英语强的请进
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发布时间：2022-04-21 17:36
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热心网友
时间：2022-04-21 19:05
从小说看，伊丽莎白聪敏机智，有胆识，有远见，有很强的自尊心，并善于思考问题。就当时一个待字闺中的小姐来讲，这是难能可贵的。正是由于这种品质，才使她在爱情问题上有独立的主见，并导致她与达西组成美满的家庭。
在《傲慢与偏见》中，奥斯丁还写了伊丽莎白的几个姐妹和女友的婚事，这些都是陪衬，用来与女主人公理想的婚姻相对照。如夏绿蒂和柯林斯尽管婚后过着舒适的物质生活，但他们之间没有爱情，这种婚姻实际上是掩盖在华丽外衣下的社会悲剧。
奥斯丁的小说尽管题材比较狭窄，故事相当平淡，但是她善于在日常平凡事物中塑造鲜明的人物形象，不论是伊丽莎白、达西那种作者认为值得肯定的人物，还是魏克翰、柯林斯这类遭到讽刺挖苦的对象，都写得真实动人。同时，奥斯丁的语言是经过锤炼的，她在对话艺术上讲究幽默、讽刺，常以风趣诙谐的语言来烘托人物的性格特征。这种艺术创新使她的作品具有自己的特色。
内容篇：
全书的主要情节是围绕在拥有五个千金女儿的班耐特一家人，虽然他们一家人家境并不是非常富有，也无任何显赫的社会地位，但班耐特太太却处心积虑想替五个女儿寻找到和上流社会的贵族联婚的机会，而美丽而善良的大女儿琴恩，和机智勇敢的二女儿莉琪，她们置身在整个附庸风雅、贵气*人的上流生活圈中，仍执著面对自我，并勇於维护自尊，却也因而丧失了对真爱的判断和实情的追求，以致忽视了优柔温文的宾格利和恃才傲物的达希，在扑朔迷离的形势中所表现出的难得挚情。
然而就在重重误解、心机、成见与持续华丽表面生活的遮掩下，挡不住的爱情仍如结晶的璞玉一般，终究不能不脱颖而出，傲慢与偏见的人性两貌，在种种环环相扣的冲突中清晰的突出，作者以她圆润、敏锐、幽默而细致的笔触，十足荡气回肠的描绘这一群人的恩怨爱恨。
此书另一特色就是所有主人翁活动性，以达希为例，他是个不受人喜爱的傲慢男人，他向来亦不屑周围肤浅的人际关系，此种僵化的对立就在他终於为莉琪动心的那一刻起了剧变，他在压抑多时之后决定勇敢示爱，不意却遭受毫无情面可言的拒绝，对他来说，傲慢也许有理，偏见却是无情，此两者交之而产生的冲击在所难免，这种「冲击」可称为The Shock Of Recognition（认知之冲击），达希与莉琪形同水火的命运，挣扎在其他事件接连的失序演出，达希痛定思痛，而有了剧力万均峰回路转，这种「认知」的功夫，往往就是小说人物中主角人物的再生，一个人物之所以能够生动，在性格上必有无法测度的地方（Incalculability）。
所谓无法测度，就是小说人物的「认知」、「权变」和成熟的过程中所产生的推动力，大多数生动的小说人物都是经由这种「长大」（Growth）过程的，莉琪饱尝自己对人偏见所产生下的苦果便是一例，当然，爱情能使人盲目，也能使人清醒而重新出发，达希和莉琪当属幸运的后者了。
「傲慢与偏见」虽是一出闪烁著斗智意味的爱情轻喜剧，实则说明了人必须行动和自省才有希望，人的尊严绝不是与生俱来的，而是从行动和自省中淬炼获得，透过理性的行动，把人类的王国建立得具有一个心灵价值的模式，以与物质俗世有别。大体上，人的生存没有意义，但从小体上看，人本身的行动却深具意义，即使只是儿女私情的往来。
思考篇：
这本著作距离我们已经有二百年左右的历史，但在作者珍‧奥斯汀的笔下，我们可以感觉到，虽然它的内容是那麼的平凡，但让我们有种身在其境的感觉，同时有种非要一次把整本书看完的*。有人认为，文学作品严格来说是不能翻译的，因为这些文字组成的完美，一旦经过他人的更改，所有原创性的精华必定只剩轮廓，其实各国文化天生差异的可爱之处亦正式在此，因为要人人精通各国文字几乎是不可能的事，「翻译」於是成了文化中的文化，它使得文学本身除了土壤性，更具备了共通性，甚至突破时空的隔阂，拉近历史与地理的先天距离，而人与人之间的关系更加亲密，而「傲慢与偏见」正是透过翻译才能让我们得以阅读这样的一本的好书。以下是个人阅读本书之后所思考到的几个问题，在此提出分享：
1.当莉琪一开始遇见达希时，便对他那种骄傲、爱挑剔、自大的态度感到不满，虽然后来是因为威肯的污陷，使得达希不得已将事实全盘扥出，莉琪才真正了解达希的真正为人。我们是否也常常因为对某人的第一印象，而将其定位为他就是那样的人……等等，这是一般人的通病，人要学习了解整个事实再作决定的习惯才是。
2.达希向来就不屑周围肤浅的人际关系，直到他遇到了莉琪才真正改变了他的方式，当然他并不是个只重视金钱跟地位的人，只是他本身的个性使然，如果他没遇到他真正喜欢的人，他的个性有可能就这样继续下去，这样的他会不会很痛苦？
3.琴恩是个非常善良，任何事情都会站在对方的立场去著想的人，这样的人虽然是很受大家的欢迎，但凡事都只往好处想，会不会有些不切实际，与真实的人生不合？
e themes of pride and prejudic
abstract: in this article, we attempt to show the themes of pride and prejudice. firstly i will show something about the author jane austen and pride and prejudice. then the main themes of pride and prejudice: love, reputation, class, courtship and pride. the last part of the paper shows that this great novel not only attracted thousands of readers in austen’s time, but also gave a special feeling to today’s people.
> key words: pride, prejudice, theme
>
> 1.the author and pride and prejudice
> 1.1.the author
> the english author jane austen lived from 1775 to 1817. her six novels are northanger abbey, sense and sensibility, pride and prejudice, mansfield park, emma, persuasion.her novels are highly prized not only for their light irony, humor, and depiction of contemporary english country life, but also for their underlying serious qualities. she was the founder of the novel which deals with unimportant middle class people and of which there are many fine examples in later english fiction. she is also sparing of describing the internal thoughts and emotions of male characters (thus in pride and prejudice, much of darcy's admiration for elizabeth bennet is expressed by means of convenient conversations with caroline bingley).
> 1.2. information about pride and prejudice
> first published in 1813, pride and prejudice has consistently been jane austen's most popular novel. it portrays life in the genteel rural society of the day, and tells of the initial misunderstandings and later mutual enlightenment between elizabeth bennet (whose liveliness and quick wit have often attracted readers) and the haughty darcy. the title pride and prejudice refers (among other things) to the ways in which elizabeth and darcy first view each other. the original version of the novel was written in 1796-1797 under the title first impressions, and was probably in the form of an exchange of letters.
>
> 2.the themes of pride and prejudice
> 2.1. love between darcy and elizabeth
> as in any good love story, the lovers must elude and overcome numerous stumbling blocks, beginning with the tensions caused by the lovers’ own personal qualities. elizabeth’s pride makes her misjudge darcy on the basis of a poor first impression, while darcy’s prejudice against elizabeth’s poor social standing blinds him, for a time, to her many virtues. of course, one could also say that elizabeth is guilty of prejudice and darcy of pride?the title cuts both ways. austen, meanwhile, poses countless smaller obstacles to the realization of the love between elizabeth and darcy, including lady catherine’s attempt to control her nephew, miss bingley’s snobbery, mrs. bennet’s idiocy, and wickham’s deceit. in each case, anxieties about social connections, or the desire for better social connections, interfere with the workings of love. darcy and elizabeth’s realization of a mutual and tender love seems to imply that austen views love as something independent of these social forces, as something that can be captured if only an indivial is able to escape the warping effects of hierarchical society.
> austen does sound some more realist (or, one could say, cynical) notes about love, using the character of charlotte lucas, who marries the buffoon mr. collins for his money, to demonstrate that the heart does not always dictate marriage. yet with her central characters, austen suggests that true love is a force separate from society and one that can conquer even the most difficult of circumstances.
> 2.2 reputation ___a woman’s reputation is of the utmost important
> pride and prejudice depicts a society in which a woman’s reputation is of the utmost importance. a woman is expected to behave in certain ways. stepping outside the social norms makes her vulnerable to ostracism. this theme appears in the novel, when elizabeth walks to netherfield and arrives with muddy skirts, to the shock of the reputation-conscious miss bingley and her friends.
> at other points, the ill-mannered, ridiculous behavior of mrs. bennet gives her a bad reputation with the more refined (and snobbish) darcys and bingleys. austen pokes gentle fun at the snobs in these examples, but later in the novel, when lydia elopes with wickham and lives with him out of wedlock, the author treats reputation as a very serious matter. by becoming wickham’s lover without benefit of marriage, lydia clearly places herself outside the social pale, and her disgrace threatens the entire bennet family.
> the fact that lydia’s judgment, however terrible, would likely have condemned the other bennet sisters to marriageless lives seems grossly unfair. why should elizabeth’s reputation suffer along with lydia’s? darcy’s intervention on the bennets’ behalf thus becomes all the more generous, but some readers might resent that such an intervention was necessary at all. if darcy’s money had failed to convince wickham to marry lydia, would darcy have still married elizabeth? does his transcendence of prejudice extend that far? the happy ending of pride and prejudice is certainly emotionally satisfying, but in many ways it leaves the theme of reputation, and the importance placed on reputation, unexplored.
> 2.3.class boundaries and prejudice
> the theme of class is related to reputation, in that both reflect the strictly regimented nature of life for the middle and upper classes in regency england. the lines of class are strictly drawn. while the bennets, who are middle class, may socialize with the upper-class bingleys and darcys, they are clearly their social inferiors and are treated as such. austen satirizes this kind of class-consciousness, particularly in the character of mr. collins, who spends most of his time toadying to his upper-class patron, lady catherine de bourgh. though mr. collins offers an extreme example, he is not the only one to hold such views. his conception of the importance of class is shared, among others, by mr. darcy, who believes in the dignity of his lineage; miss bingley, who dislikes anyone not as socially accepted as she is; and wickham, who will do anything he can to get enough money to raise himself into a higher station.
> mr. collins’s views are merely the most extreme and obvious. the satire directed at mr. collins is therefore also more subtly directed at the entire social hierarchy and the conception of all those within it at its correctness, in complete disregard of other, more worthy virtues. through the darcy-elizabeth and bingley-jane marriages, austen shows the power of love and happiness to overcome class boundaries and prejudices, thereby implying that such prejudices are hollow, unfeeling, and unproctive. of course, this whole discussion of class must be made with the understanding that austen herself is often criticized as being a classist: she doesn’t really represent anyone from the lower classes; those servants she does portray are generally happy with their lot. austen does criticize class structure but only a limited slice of that structure.
> 2.4.courtship __those between darcy and elizabeth and between bingley and jane
> in a sense, pride and prejudice is the story of two courtships?those between darcy and elizabeth and between bingley and jane. within this broad structure appear other, smaller courtships: mr. collins’s aborted wooing of elizabeth, followed by his successful wooing of charlotte lucas; miss bingley’s unsuccessful attempt to attract darcy; wickham’s pursuit first of elizabeth, then of the never-seen miss king, and finally of lydia. courtship therefore takes on a profound, if often unspoken, importance in the novel. marriage is the ultimate goal, courtship constitutes the real working-out of love. courtship becomes a sort of forge of a person’s personality, and each courtship becomes a microcosm for different sorts of love (or different ways to abuse love as a means to social advancement).
> 2.5. two ways of pride: positive and negative
> the two major themes of jane austen's pride and prejudice are summed up in the title. the first aspect can be traced in the actions and statements of all of the work's major and many of its minor characters. pride is the character flaw that causes elizabeth bennet to dislike fitzwilliam darcy upon their first meeting. she perceives in him a cold aloofness that she attributes to his own inflated opinion of himself. yet elizabeth herself also suffers from the same flaw; her pride in her own ability to analyze character is such that she refuses to reevaluate darcy in the face of evidence in his favor.
> the concept of pride can be defined in two ways: positive and negative. possessing positive or right pride is to have self-respect, honor, and integrity. on the other hand, wrong or negative pride is defined as showing arrogant or disdainful conct and haughtiness. mr. fitzwilliam darcy displays the positive side of pride while mr. bennet possesses wrong or negative pride, and a lack of pride itself in some cases. darcy is responsible for his sister, himself, his estate, and his family name. he takes pride in these things and does anything he can in order to protect them. but mr. bennet who is responsible as a father of five daughters, a husband, and the holder of reputable conct in the family, does not take pride in his family or his responsibility; mr. bennet instead ridicules the members of his family and in turn does not control their unruly actions.
>
> 3.conclusion
> pride and prejudice was the representative work of jane austen. it gave a vivid expression of the reactionary and traditional country life and people’s minds ring 18th centuries and 19th centuries in britain to us. this great novel not only attracted thousands of readers in austen’s time, but also gave a special feeling to today’s people. in order to make much more people know the book, the paper shows the main idea of the pride and prejudice
参考资料：http://www.cai.gd.cn/dir/161/320/369/
热心网友
时间：2022-04-21 20:23
问：为什么作者不用arrogance来代替pride呢？两者都是傲慢的意思啊。
看字典我们可以得知：
1. Pride：too high an opinion of oneself because of one’s rank, wealth, abilities, etc.（因自身的地位而高傲，典型的英国16-19世纪贵族作风。中性 略有贬义）。
2. Arrogance: showing too much pride in oneself and two little considerations for others.（高傲自大，贬义较浓）。
故所以，原因有两点：
（1）：押头韵（alliteration）这样做是为了给人一种音乐美。Pride；Prejudice。压爆破音 p。
（2）：从主角的性格分析。达西并不是一个不考虑他人的人（too little considerations for others.）. 从书中我们就看到他一直在为他的好朋友宾利先生着想，故因该用pride代替arrogance。 因为 pride是中性词 ；而arrogance是贬义词。
