centos怎么安装mysql
发布网友
发布时间：2022-02-26 19:21
共2个回答
懂视网
时间：2022-02-26 23:42
产品型号：Thinkpad E15
系统版本：centos7
软件版本：mysql 5.7
mysql安装教程
1．使用yum安装mysql数据库的软件包
[root@xuegod63 ~]# yum -y install mariadb-server mariadb
注：
mariadb-server #MariaDB数据库
mariadb # MariaDB服务器Linux下客户端
注：从centos7系统开始，系统中自带的mysql数据库变成了mariadb-server，mariadb-server和mysql操作上一样。mariadb-server是mysql的一个分支。
2．启动数据库服务
[root@xuegod63 ~]# systemctl start mariadb #启动MariaDB服务
[root@xuegod63 ~]# systemctl enable mariadb #设置开启自动启动MariaDB服务
3. 安装完mariadb-server后，运行mysql_secure_installation去除安全隐患
[root@xuegod63 ~]# mysql_secure_installation #进入安全配置导向
NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MySQL
SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE! PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!
In order to log into MySQL to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user. If you've just installed MySQL, and
you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.
Enter current password for root (enter for none): #初次运行直接回车，因为root用户没有密码
OK, successfully used password, moving on…
Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MySQL
root user without the proper authorisation.
Set root password? [Y/n] Y #是否设置root用户密码,输入Y
New password: 123456 #新密码123456
Re-enter new password: 123456
Password updated successfully!
。。。
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] Y #是否删除匿名用户,生产环境建议删除，所以直接回车或Y
... Success!
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] Y #是否禁止root远程登录,根据自己的需求选择Y/n并回车,建议禁止
... Success!
By default, MariaDB comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] Y #是否删除test数据库,直接回车或Y
- Dropping test database...
... Success!
- Removing privileges on test database...
... Success!
Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] Y #是否重新加载权限表，直接回车
... Success!
Cleaning up...
All done! If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB
installation should now be secure.
Thanks for using MariaDB!
… Success!
至此数据库安装成功。
4. 登录数据库
[root@xuegod63 ~]# mysql -u root -p123456
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases; #没有test数据库 #执行时，所有命令以；号结尾
+-------------------------+
| Database |
+-------------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| ucenter |
+-------------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> exit #退出命令可以加分号，也可以不加分号。
总结：
1、使用yum安装mysql数据库的软件包
2、启动数据库服务
3、运行mysql_secure_installation去除安全隐患
4、登录数据库
热心网友
时间：2022-02-26 20:50
centos6.5下安装mysql
时间:2014-08-12 01:11来源:blog.csdn.net 作者:brushli 举报 点击:17509次
1.使用yum命令安装mysql
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[root@bogon ~]# yum -y install mysql-server
2.设置开机启动
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[root@bogon ~]# chkconfig mysqld on
3.启动MySQL服务
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[root@bogon ~]# service mysqld start
4.设置MySQL的root用户设置密码
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[root@bogon ~]# mysql -u root
mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user;
+------+-----------+----------+
| user | host | password |
+------+-----------+----------+
| root | localhost | |
| root | bogon | |
| root | 127.0.0.1 | |
| | localhost | |
| | bogon | |
+------+-----------+----------+
5 rows in set (0.01 sec)
查询用户的密码，都为空，用下面的命令设置root的密码为root
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mysql> set password for root@localhost=password('root');
mysql> exit
5.用新密码登陆
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[root@bogon ~]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
6.创建mysql新用户test_user
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mysql> create user 'test_user'@'%' identified by 'test_user';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
7.给新用户test_user授权，让他可以从外部登陆和本地登陆
注意：@左边是用户名，右边是域名、IP和%，表示可以访问mysql的域名和IP，%表示外部任何地址都能访问。
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mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'test_user'@'localhost' identified by 'test_user';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'test_user'@'%' identified by 'test_user';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user;
+----------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
| user | host | password |
+----------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
| root | localhost | *81F5E21E35407D884A6CD4A731AEBFB6AF209E1B |
| root | bogon | |
| root | 127.0.0.1 | |
| | localhost | |
| | bogon | |
| test_user | % | *3046CF87132BBD4FDDF06F321C6859074843B7D3 |
| test_user | localhost | *3046CF87132BBD4FDDF06F321C6859074843B7D3 |
+----------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
8.查看mysql5.1的默认存储引擎
从下面的执行结果可以看出，mysql的默认引擎是MyISAM，这个引擎是不支持事务的。
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mysql> show engines;
+------------+---------+------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+
| Engine | Support | Comment | Transactions | XA | Savepoints |
+------------+---------+------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+
| MRG_MYISAM | YES | Collection of identical MyISAM tables | NO | NO | NO |
| CSV | YES | CSV storage engine | NO | NO | NO |
| MyISAM | DEFAULT | Default engine as of MySQL 3.23 with great performance | NO | NO | NO |
| InnoDB | YES | Supports transactions, row-level locking, and foreign keys | YES | YES | YES |
| MEMORY | YES | Hash based, stored in memory, useful for temporary tables | NO | NO | NO |
+------------+---------+------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
也可以以下面的方式查看
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mysql> show variables like 'storage_engine';
+----------------+--------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+----------------+--------+
| storage_engine | MyISAM |
+----------------+--------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
9.修改mysql的默认引擎为InnoDB
9.1 停止mysql
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mysql> exit;
[root@bogon ~]# service mysqld stop
9.2 修改/etc/my.cnf
[mysqld] 后加入
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default-storage-engine=InnoDB
加入后my.cnf的内容为：
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[root@bogon etc]# more my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
user=mysql
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
default-storage-engine=InnoDB
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
9.3 启动mysql
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[root@bogon etc]# service mysqld start
Starting mysqld: [ OK ]
9.4 查看mysql默认存储引擎
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[root@bogon etc]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.1.73 Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show variables like 'storage_engine';
+----------------+--------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+----------------+--------+
| storage_engine | InnoDB |
+----------------+--------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
10.CentOS6.5开放mysql端口3306
CentOS6.5默认是不开放端口的，如果要让外部的系统访问CentOS6.5上的mysql，必须开放mysql的端口3306
10.1 修改/etc/sysconfig/iptables
添加下面一行
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-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT
修改后iptables中的内容是
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[root@bogon etc]# more /etc/sysconfig/iptables
# Firewall configuration written by system-config-firewall
# Manual customization of this file is not recommended.
*filter
:INPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
:FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
-A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
#添加配置项
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 11211 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
-A FORWARD -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
COMMIT
11.重启防火墙
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[root@bogon etc]# service iptables restart
这样就可以从外部访问mysql了。
至此，mysql在CentOS6.5上的安装过程、用户创建、外部访问的步骤全部完成。
