求诺贝尔化学奖得主英文简介
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发布时间：2022-04-29 18:56
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时间：2022-06-20 01:06
（诺贝尔大师自传：艾伦·黑格）
I was born on a bitter cold morning in Sioux City (Iowa) on January 22, 1936. My early years were spent in Akron (Iowa), a small midwestern town of 1000 people, approximately 35 miles from Sioux City. I went to elementary school in Akron. My father died when I was nine years old.
After my father’s death, we moved to Omaha, so my mother could be closer to her family. She raised us as a single parent in a house that we shared with her sister and her sister’s children.
One of my earliest memories is of my mother telling me of the importance of getting a university ecation. When she graated from high school, she received a scholarship to go on to university but went to work instead; she was needed by her parents to help support the family. It was always clear to me that it was my responsibility to go to university; prior to1 my generation no one on either side of my family had an ecation that went beyond high school. I and my brother were the first in our family to receive the PhD degree.
My high school years were fun and frustrating, typical of the teen years. The most important accomplishment was meeting my wife, Ruth. I have loved her for nearly fifty years, and she remains my best friend.
My undergraate years at the University of Nebraska were a special time in my life. I went to the University with the goal of becoming an engineer; I had no concept that one could pursue science as a career. After one semester, I was convinced that engineering was not for me, and I completed my undergraate studies with a al major in Physics and Mathematics. The highlight was a course in Modern Physics taught by Theodore Jorgensen. Professor Jorgensen introced me to quantum2 physics and twentieth century science.
When I started at Berkeley, my goal was to do a theoretical thesis under Charles Kittel. Thus, when the decision was made to go for my degree on a full-time basis, I went first to Kittel and asked if I could work for him. He recommended instead that I consider working with someone who does experimental work in close interaction with theory. This was perhaps the best advice that anyone ever gave me-and I followed his advice. I joined the research group of Alan Portis.
I remember with clarity my first day in the laboratory. I was doing “original research”; at last I was involved with real physics. After only one day of carrying out magnetic measurements on an insulating3 antiferromagnet4, KMnF3, I wrote a theory of antiferroelectric antiferromagnets and presented it to Portis with great pride. He was patient with me then and again a few days later when I apologized and told him my theory was nonsense. Through my interactions with Portis, I learned how to think about physics; more important, I began to learn about good taste in the choice of problems.
In 1975, the first papers on the novel metallic polymer, poly (sulfur-nitride), (SN)x appeared in the literature. I was intrigued5 by this unusual quasi-1d metal and wanted to get into the game. I learned that Alan MacDiarmid, a professor in the Chemistry Department at PENN, had a background in sulfur-nitride chemistry, and I made an appointment to see him with the goal of convincing him to collaborate with me and to synthesize6 (SN) x.
He agreed and a true collaboration began. We realized that it was a long reach across the Chemistry-Physics boundary, and we were determined to learn from one another. Although we collaborated ring the week, we typically met on Saturday mornings with no agenda; just to try to learn from one another. At that time, I was fascinated with the metal-insulator transition as envisioned7 by Mott. The initial discovery of the remarkable increase in electrical conctivity of (CH)x and the identification of that increase as resulting from a transition from insulator (semiconctor) to metal followed in a very short time.
I have enjoyed the life of a scientist while sharing both the exciting days and the disappointments with Ruth. She has filled my life with love and surrounded me with beauty. She has also gallantly8 put up with my eccentricities9 for more than forty years. We have succeeded in starting an academic dynasty; our two sons, Peter and David are both academics. Peter is a professor and medical doctor who is doing research on immunology10 at Case Western Reserve University. David is a professor and neuroscientist11 at Stanford University where he studies human vision. Of all the congratulations that I have received as a result of the Nobel Prize, I took greatest pleasure from the pride of my grandchildren in their grandfather.
注释：
1. prior to 在……以前，先于
2. quantum [5kwCntEm] n. [物]量子
3. insulate [5insjuleit] v. 使绝缘
4. antiferromagnet [7Anti7ferEu5mA^nit] n. [物]反铁磁质，反铁磁体
5. intrigue [in5tri:^] vt. 激起……的好奇心（或兴趣）, 迷住
6. synthesize [5sinWisaiz] vt. [化] 使合成
7. envision [in5viVEn] vt. 想像，展望
8. gallantly [5^AlEntli] ad. 骑士风度地，豪侠地
9. eccentricity [eksen5trisiti] n. 古怪，怪僻
10. immunology [7imju5nClEdVi] n. [生] 免疫学
11. neuroscientist [7njuErEu5saiEntist] n. 神经系统科学家
