中国四大名著英文简介(重赏)

发布网友发布时间：2022-04-23 17:42

共13个回答

热心网友时间：2023-01-27 17:44

　　东拼西凑，搜集了一堆资料，楼主自己整理一下吧，去其糟粕，取其精华。自己写我是没这个实力的了，毕竟还是很有些专业的东西在里面……

　　Chinese Literature - Novels and fiction
　　Hongloumeng 红楼梦"The Dream of the Red Chamber"
　　Also called "The story of the Stone (Shitouji 石头记)", this novel written by Cao Xueqin 曹雪芹 (d. 1763) is said to be the greatest masterpiece of Chinese fiction. A wide branched scholarship does not consent about the main theme of this novel, should it be a novel of sentiment, of Daoist-Buddhist enlightenment, of social observation, of the decay of an aristocratic familiy, or even a veiled attack on Manchu rule. The frame of the novel is the contest of a Buddhist and a Daoist priest who make be born a young noble boy called Jia Baoyu 贾宝玉 and his girl cousin Lin Daiyu 林黛玉. With a loving detail describing the life of the two cousins in a huge noble mansion, between gardens and palaces, the red thread is the triangular love between Baoyu, Daiyu and a second girl cousin called Xue Baochai 薛宝钗 that is of more plumper character than the ever sick Daiyu. Switching between their life, the divine world and dreams, Baoyu becomes deranged after the disappearance of a stone (the origin of the second title) he had in his mouth when he was born. Not knowing, his love Daiyu died, he is tricked to marrying Baochai. Becoming aware of being tricked, Baoyu leaves the world of the "red st" and becomes a monk. With hundreds of persons and their stories, paralleling the life and feelings of servants to the life of the main persons, the story is very complex and full of symbolisms, but very interesting and convincing for its encyclopedic character, depicting the life of a noble familiy in the 18th century Qing China 清.

　　三国演义Romance of The Three Kingdoms
　　Romance of The Three Kingdoms is one of the great chinese classics and is compiled into a semi-fictional literary masterpiece ring the Ming Dynasty by Luo Guanzhong. The novel comprises around 70+% fact and 20+% fiction. Some issues such as Guan Yu's weapon weighing around 40+ kilograms, the capabilties of Lu Bu, Liu Bei's horses as well as the existence of the Hill of the Fallen Phoenix and some others are probably fictional.
　　That period in history can be said as the golden age of chivalry and although it happened more than 1700 years ago, characters such as Liu Bei, Cao Cao, Guan Yu, Zhang Fei and Zhuge Liang have become household names among the chinese. Tales of their exploits, courage, adventures and many more are told in the novel "Romance of The Three Kingdoms".

　　It is one of the most turbulent periods in China's history taking place toward the end of the Han Dynasty where corruption is rampant in the imperial court e to eunuches holding power. Coupled with natural disasters such as floods, plague and locust swarms devouring the crops grown by the peasants, hunger and disatisfaction among the peasants soon escalated rapidly until a major rebellion known as the "Yellow Scarves Rebellion" led by Zhang Jiao broke out. (It was bbed "Yellow Scarves" because the rebels tied a yellow scarf on their head). Initially just a small band of rebels, e to widespread hunger and ill-sentiment among the populace, swarms of common folks joined in the rebellion across many parts of the country.
　　三国演义人物介绍
　　刘备
　　Liu Bei (161–223 AD), styled Xuándé (玄徳), was a general, warlord, and later the founding emperor of Shu Han ring the Three Kingdoms era of China. Although having a later start than his rivals, also lacking both the material resources and social status they commanded, Liu Bei overcame his many defeats to carve out his own realm, that at its peak spanned modern day Sichuan, Guizhou, Hunan, part of Hubei, and part of Gansu.

　　Culturally, e to the tremendously popular novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms by Luo Guanzhong, Liu Bei is widely known as the ideal benevolent, humane ruler who cared for his people and picked good advisors. His character was to advocate the Confucian set of moral values, such as loyalty and compassion.
　　张飞
　　Zhang Fei (?-221 AD) was a military general of Shu Han ring the Three Kingdoms era of China.

　　Zhang Fei was shown to have been a masterful general rather than simply a warrior. He treated his superiors with respect, but had little respect for his underlings. He was often warned by Liu Bei that his habit of over-punishing his own soldiers by lashing and killing would eventually bring himself disaster.

　　Zhang Fei married Xiahou Yuan's daughter, who was captured by Zhang Fei's troops as she was out gathering firewood. They had a total of two daughters, and the older daughter became the empress of Shu Han after marrying Liu Shan, with Zhuge Liang as the matchmaker. After Zhang Fei's eldest daughter had passed away e to natural causes, Zhuge Liang once again played the role of matchmaker, and Liu Shan married Zhang Fei's younger daughter, who thus succeeded her older sister to become the empress of Shu Han.

　　Zhang Fei is best portrayed through his description and actions depicted in Records of Three Kingdoms biography by Chen Shou. Some claim that Zhang Fei was also an excellent painter.

　　Zhang Fei was killed by his own men Zhang Da and Fan Jiang, while preparing his troops to attack the rival Eastern Wu to avenge the death of Guan Yu. Zhang Da and Fan Jiang went on to defect to Wu.

　　水浒传Outlaws of the Marsh
　　The novel "Outlaws of the Marsh" is somewhat like the Iliad and Odyssey... An ancient epic tale... no one remembers the period it was composed and immortalized.
　　One knows this story is based on real facts and has inspired many storytellers.
　　One knows the North Song Dynasty (XIIIth Century) lived its apogee and declined, a victim of corruption and decadence.
　　One finds historical traces of these outlaws who challenged the imperial authority and died under the executioner's blade.
　　At last, as anyone knows today that a man called Homer wrote the Iliad and Odyssey, no one doubts anymore that a man called Shi Nai-an wrote down ring the XIVth century the novel Outlaws of the Marsh that reached us.
　　Everyone recognizes that Jin Sheng-tan, ring the XVIIth century, published what is now famous as the original version of a novel that obtained the interest and infatuation of successive generations.
　　Water Margin or Outlaws of the Marsh ("All men are brothers" in Pearl Buck's translation, "Shui hu zhuan" in Chinese, "Au Bord de l'Eau" in French ) is an immortal novel because its tale is universal : it speaks of beings (outlaws but also notables, strong muscled heroes but also intellectual, anarchists but also philosophers...) who cannot bear injustice nor abuse nor arbitrariness...
　　That is the reason they are immortal and their popularity has lasted for centuries .
　　Discover the 108 heroes, the episodes , the paper-cuts representing them, the Beijing operas their fighting exploits inspired...

　　人物
　　Gai Ping Health gave special love make the world anyway, famous arena. Like charges to stick, chicken, and did not take wives, all hit others physique. Village Creek Village haunted legends, villagers digging a river in the town engraved art, ghost was rushed to the East seven. Classical hell, then alone will be engraved Creek Village in places away from the East side down. Thus so-called "Tota kings".
　　晁盖平生仗义疏财，专爱结交天下好汉，闻名江湖。喜欢刺*使棒，身强力壮，不取妻室，终日打熬筋骨。传说邻村西溪村闹鬼，村人凿了一个青石宝塔镇在溪边，鬼就被赶到了东溪村。晁盖大怒，就去西溪村独自将青石宝塔夺了过来在东溪边放下。因此人称“托塔天王”。

　　西游记Pilgrimage to the West
　　Journey to the West is a mythological novel based on many centuries of popular tradition. It was probably put into its present form in the 15708 by Wu Cheng’en (1500-82).
　　This lively fantasy relates the amazing adventures of the priest San-zang as he travels west in search of Buddhist sutras with his three disciples, the irreverent and capable on-
　　key, greedy Pig, and Friar Sand. The opening chapters recount the earlier exploits of Monkey, culminating in his rebellion against Heaven. We then learn how Sanzang became a monk and was sent on his pilgrimage by the Tang emperor who had escaped death with the help of an Underworld official.
　　The main story, the journey, takes the priest through all kinds of entertaining trials and tribulations, mainly at the
　　hands of monsters and spirits who want to eat him. Only the courage and powers of his disciples, especially Monkey, save him from death. Monkey is the hero of the fantasy, and the reader will soon learn why he has long been so loved in China. Will the pilgrims reach the Vulture Peak and obtain the Scriptures? The answer will only be found at the end of the lOO-chapter novel.
　　The story is as full of imagination as Monkey is of magic, and packed with incident and down-to-earth humour. The illustrations are from 19th-century Chinese edition. This is the first of the three volumes of the novel.

参考资料：http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/47918250.html?si=2

热心网友时间：2023-01-27 19:02

<<水浒传>>
施耐庵，原名耳，又名子安.元末明初人，一般认为是长篇小说《水浒传》最早的创作者。关于其生平，至今尚无确切的资料，据说他生于元成宗元贞二年(1296年)，卒于明太祖洪武三年(1370年)。.兴化白驹场（今大丰县白驹镇）人，祖籍苏州。自幼聪明好学，善长能诗擅文，才华出众。25岁中进士后，任钱塘县官两年。由于生活在元朝的残酷统治下，经历元末激烈的农民起义，深感自己与当道的权贵不合，决定归隐，闭门著书。农民起义领袖张士诚曾劝他出山，被谢绝，朱元璋也多次召他，坚辞不应聘。元至正二十六年（1366年）冬，朱元璋与张士诚交战，他为避战乱，迁来白驹唱西18里的地方定居。相传定居处的村西头有一芦苇荡，占地10 余亩，当中芦苇繁茂，余下甚多，每到秋冬季节，野鸭成群飞来。荡口直通河溪，沟河交岔。荡中有一土墩，高露水面。施耐庵即以此为梁山水泊，于好友罗贯中结伴，做了小船到此，登临丘上，以体验其境界，并从事创作。最后终于完成巨著《水浒传》。《水浒传》庙学了南宋末年"官*民反"的历史真实，热情讴歌了农民起义的正义性。由于作者文笔精工，状物肖妙，塑造了108 位草莽英雄的生动形象，其艺术性为世界文学史所重视。这部传奇式的小说，长期以来，以至为海内外所欢迎。关于施耐庵的祖籍问题，尚有争论，已有苏州、钱塘、兴化、盐城、淮安各种说法。这些地方人民都以他为本乡人而荣，可见人民对他热爱之深。今天，大丰县白驹镇发现了大量的施耐庵文物及施氏宗谱。经国内有关专家确认，施耐庵应为我们盐城人。

<<西游记>>
吴承恩（1506-1582），字汝忠，号射阳，明代文学家明代淮安河下人，小说《西游记》的作者。他生不逢时，一生坎坷。然而在他下世400年后，他的墓地、骨骸以及他的一些碑刻手迹被发现。现已于淮安河下打铜巷重建“射阳*”吴承思故居，马甸乡的二堡村吴承恩墓地也修茸一新。少年时，吴承恩喜听淮河水神及僧伽大圣等故事，中年后，开始将唐僧西游故事，结合唐人传奇、佛道经典、民间故事，淮安地方掌故，在其书房"射阳（竹移）"中，创作成百回本小说《西游记》。此书一问世，就被誉为“四大奇书”之一，成为世界文坛瑰宝。吴承恩擅长绘画、书法，多才多艺。然而科举不利，至中年始为岁贡生。60岁时出任长兴县丞，又因与长官不谐，拂袖而归。后又聘任过荆王府纪善。吴承恩原配夫人生一子，名吴凤毛，聘状元沈坤女，因凤毛早夭而未行，后又娶牛氏。吴承恩父亲吴锐（1461-1532），字廷器，号菊翁，为人忠厚，喜谈说史传，好游淮地名胜古寺，常给幼年吴承恩讲述民间神魔故事。万事大吉锐娶经营花边花线的商人女儿徐氏。徐氏生一女，名吴承嘉，嫁与淮安户部尚书沈翼的族人沈山。中年后吴锐又娶张氏，生著名的文学家吴承恩。

<<红楼梦>>
曹雪芹(1715～1763)？清代小说家。名霑，字梦阮，雪芹是其号，又号芹圃、芹溪。祖籍辽阳，先世原是汉族，后为满洲正白旗“包衣”人。曹雪芹的曾祖曹玺任江宁织造。曾祖母孙氏做过康熙帝玄烨的保姆。祖父曹寅做过玄烨的伴读和御前侍卫，后任江宁织造，兼任两淮巡盐监察御使，极受玄烨宠信。玄烨六下江南，其中四次由曹寅负责接驾，并住在曹家。曹寅病故，其子曹顒、曹頫先后继任江宁织造。他们祖孙三代四人担任此职达60年之久。曹雪芹自幼就是在这“秦淮风月”之地的“繁华”生活中长大的。雍正初年，由于封建统治阶级内部*斗争的牵连，曹家遭受一系列打击。曹頫以“行为不端”、“*扰驿站”和“亏空”罪名革职，家产抄没。曹頫下狱治罪，“枷号”一年有余。这时，曹雪芹随着全家迁回北京居住。曹家从此一蹶不振，日渐衰微。经历了生活中的重大转折,曹雪芹深感世态炎凉,对封建社会有了更清醒、更深刻的认识。他蔑视权贵，远离官场，过着贫困如洗的艰难日子。晚年,曹雪芹移居北京西郊。生活更加穷苦,“满径蓬蒿”,“举家食粥”。他以坚韧不拔的毅力,专心一志地从事《红楼梦》的写作和修订。乾隆二十七年(1762)，幼子夭亡，他陷于过度的忧伤和悲痛，卧床不起。到了这一年的除夕(1763年2月12日),终于因贫病无医而逝世(关于曹雪芹逝世的年份，另有乾隆二十八年和二十九年两种说法)。曹雪芹“身胖，头广而色黑”。他性格傲岸，愤世嫉俗，豪放不羁。嗜酒，才气纵横，善谈吐。曹雪芹是一位诗人。他的诗，立意新奇，风格近于唐代诗人李贺。他的友人敦诚曾称赞说：“爱君诗笔有奇气,直追昌谷破篱樊。”又说：“知君诗胆昔如铁,堪与刀颖交寒光。”但他的诗仅存题敦诚《琵琶行传奇》两句：“白傅诗灵应喜甚，定教蛮素鬼排场。”曹雪芹又是一位画家，喜绘突兀奇峭的石头。敦敏《题芹圃画石》说：“傲骨如君世已奇，嶙峋更见此支离。醉余奋扫如椽笔。写出胸中块磊时。”可见他画石头时寄托了胸中郁积着的不平之气。曹雪芹的最大的贡献还在于小说的创作。他的小说《红楼梦》内容丰富，思想深刻，艺术精湛，把中国古典小说创作推向最高峰，在文学发展史上占有十分重要的地位。《红楼梦》是他“披阅十载，增删五次”，“字字看来皆是血，十年辛苦不寻常”的产物。可惜，在他生前,全书没有完稿。今传《红楼梦》120回本，其中前80回的绝大部分出于他的手笔，后40回则为他人所续。80回以后他已写出一部分初稿，但由于种种原因而没有流传下来。

<<三国演义>>
罗贯中元末明初小说家、戏曲家。生卒年不详。据考订，一般认为，名本，字贯中。杭州人，祖籍太原。明初贾仲明在《录鬼簿续编》中称其与己"为忘年交"，"至正甲辰复会，别来又六十余年，竟不知其所终"。鲁迅定罗贯中生活年代为约1330至1400（《中国小说史略》第十四篇），郑振铎定为约1328至1398（《中国文学论集》上册《三国志演义的演化》），即大致从元文宗到明太祖这一时期。关于他的名字清嘉庆翻刻明代杨美生本《三国英雄志传》署"元东原罗贯中演义"，明代高儒《百川书志》卷六"史部·野史"著录《三国志通俗演义》，署"明罗本贯中编次",各以其跨越元明,而分署两个朝代。关于他的名字，《录鬼簿续编》只记"罗贯中，……号湖海散人"，未言其名、字。明郎瑛《七修类稿》卷二十三"三国、宋江演义"条、《西湖游览志□》卷二十五及嘉靖壬午本《三国志通俗演义》、万历己未本《隋唐两朝志传》、李卓吾批点本《残唐五代史演传》等均称"罗本贯中"或"贯中罗本"，一般认为本是名，贯中是字。关于他的籍贯，《录鬼簿续编》称罗贯中"太原人"，而明刊《三国》、《水浒》等小说则往往署"东原罗贯中"。东原,相当今山东东平、汶上、宁阳一带。《七修类稿》称"杭人罗本贯中"，《西湖游览志□》称"钱塘罗贯中本"，清初周亮工《书影》卷一称"越人罗贯中"，疑《录鬼簿续编》所记"太原"是罗贯中的祖籍，杭州则是罗贯中实际生活和活动的地方。"东原"当由"太原"致讹，一如《水浒志传评林》署名由"东原"再误作"中原"。关于他的生平，《录鬼簿续编》记载罗贯中"与人寡合"，"遭时多故"，与贾仲明"各天一方"。王圻《稗史汇编》谓罗贯中与葛可久"皆有志图王者"，因值朱元璋这样的"真主"统一了天下，葛就"寄神医工"，罗则"传神稗史"。大约罗贯中生当元末社会*，有自己的*理想，不苟同于流俗，东奔西走，参加了反元的起义斗争，明朝建立之后，即结束了*生涯，而专心致力于小说创作。清代徐渭仁《徐□所绘水浒一百单八将图题跋》又谓"罗贯中客伪吴，欲讽士诚"，以为罗贯中曾入吴王张士诚幕，虽系传说，但亦不无可能。明代天启三年黄正甫刻本《三国志通俗演义》关于他的著作，《西湖游览志□》称罗贯中"编撰小说数十种"，又相传他有《十七史演义》的巨著。今存署名由他编著的小说有《三国志通俗演义》、《隋唐两朝志传》、《残唐五代史演传》、《三遂平妖传》。

热心网友时间：2023-01-27 20:36

四大名著：

《红楼梦》：

1、The Story of Stone《石头记》

2、A Dream of Red Mansions/Chamber（红色大楼/房间的梦）

3、The Cowherd and the Weaving Girl（牛郎和织女）
《三国演义》：

1、《Romantic of Three Kingdoms》—— 三个王国的罗曼史

《水浒传》

1、《一百零五个男人和三个女人的故事》

2、《All Men Are Brothers: Blood of the Leopard》——四海之内皆兄弟：豹子的血

3、美国女作家赛珍珠翻译《水浒》七十一回本，取名为《四海之内皆兄弟》

4、《OUTLAWS IN THE MARSH》——沼泽地里的逃犯

最早德文译名是《强盗与士兵》；法文译名是《中国的勇士们》；英文译本为《在河边发生的故事》

《西游记》： Journey to the West（去西方旅游）

Monkey / The Monkey King（猴王

No.1 The Dream of Red Chamber

Once upon a time the goddess Nv Gua level several thousands pieces of stone to repair the damage post of heaven. One extra stone that did not fit and as discard at the foot of a mountain.

This ethereal stone discover a lovely but frail but celestial camp by the river of the spirits in the west. Everyday it watered the plants with sweet dew the plant nourished by the dew took essence of heaven and earth. After centuries of polishing the stone took on human forms and descended to earth and becoming the hero and heroin of the dream of the red chamber a complex brilliant and profound drama.

Among the Chinese classics the dream of the red chamber has been most widely red and studied by the general public and scholars its conception in the later part of the 18th century. Besides its mythical beginning more then 400 human characters come to life in the Jia palace throughout the one hundredth and twenty chapters of this book. They vividly and realistically unveil a pure world and the spiritual world and the love and hatred and the good and evil desiccant and consonant.

For over one hundredth years the dream of the red chamber has attracted millions of people from all walks of life. It especially appeals to young people because the entire antagonist in the story is young as well. The book is a masterpiece e to its vast repertoire and reservoir of artistic achievements the bound philosophy of life simultaneously coupled with a compelling love story.

The hero of the dream of the red chamber is the human form of the discard ethereal stone. He was born holding a precious stone in his mouth and so named Bao Yu precious stone. He is the lifeblood of the Jia family protagonist of the love story and preacher of the philosophy of life. The main plot of the novel is the entangle love triangle among Bao Yu the imperial stone Xian Yu the transform celestial plant and Dai Yuthe destine earthly love possessing the gold medallion with an inscription matching the one on the precious stone from the couple. The secondary plot evolves around the rise and decline of the Jia family.

A series of events of characters unfold around these two plots the detailed and structured analysis of the entwined relationships among the novels innumerous characters. Enable the readers to get a thrall understanding of the rise and decline of a prominent family and a taste of love and hatred joy and sorrow and reunion and separation.

The author Cao Xue-qin was born in the early part of the 18th century ring the period of emperor Kong Xi and died in the 27th year of reign of emperor Chin in the Ching dynasty. Historical research reveals that the personal experiences of the authors bare striking similarities to the events setting of this novel.

Bao Yu is protagonist was a pampered child who faced high expectations he took no interest in fame or wealth but rather inlged himself in the company of androgen of female playmate from both high and low classes. He proclaimed that girls are creatures of water and that he could feel that freshness and cleanliness. Whereas men are the beams of slim he was overwhelmed by turbulence and filthiness merely by catching a sight of them. This is not a casual remark dropped by our hero. Indeed his whole life from his thoughts and feelings to his expressions and demeanor evolved around his contempt for fame and wealth His devotion to love and soul and his conspicuous opposition to patriarchal tradition.

热心网友时间：2023-01-27 22:28

参考资料：http://i.mop.com/fenglimeicy/blog/2006/06/19/1810647.html

热心网友时间：2023-01-28 00:36

No.1 The Dream of Red Chamber

Once upon a time the goddess Nv Gua level several thousands pieces of stone to repair the damage post of heaven. One extra stone that did not fit and as discard at the foot of a mountain.

This ethereal stone discover a lovely but frail but celestial camp by the river of the spirits in the west. Everyday it watered the plants with sweet dew the plant nourished by the dew took essence of heaven and earth. After centuries of polishing the stone took on human forms and descended to earth and becoming the hero and heroin of the dream of the red chamber a complex brilliant and profound drama.

Among the Chinese classics the dream of the red chamber has been most widely red and studied by the general public and scholars its conception in the later part of the 18th century. Besides its mythical beginning more then 400 human characters come to life in the Jia palace throughout the one hundredth and twenty chapters of this book. They vividly and realistically unveil a pure world and the spiritual world and the love and hatred and the good and evil desiccant and consonant.

For over one hundredth years the dream of the red chamber has attracted millions of people from all walks of life. It especially appeals to young people because the entire antagonist in the story is young as well. The book is a masterpiece e to its vast repertoire and reservoir of artistic achievements the bound philosophy of life simultaneously coupled with a compelling love story.

The hero of the dream of the red chamber is the human form of the discard ethereal stone. He was born holding a precious stone in his mouth and so named Bao Yu precious stone. He is the lifeblood of the Jia family protagonist of the love story and preacher of the philosophy of life. The main plot of the novel is the entangle love triangle among Bao Yu the imperial stone Xian Yu the transform celestial plant and Dai Yuthe destine earthly love possessing the gold medallion with an inscription matching the one on the precious stone from the couple. The secondary plot evolves around the rise and decline of the Jia family.

A series of events of characters unfold around these two plots the detailed and structured analysis of the entwined relationships among the novels innumerous characters. Enable the readers to get a thrall understanding of the rise and decline of a prominent family and a taste of love and hatred joy and sorrow and reunion and separation.

The author Cao Xue-qin was born in the early part of the 18th century ring the period of emperor Kong Xi and died in the 27th year of reign of emperor Chin in the Ching dynasty. Historical research reveals that the personal experiences of the authors bare striking similarities to the events setting of this novel.

Bao Yu is protagonist was a pampered child who faced high expectations he took no interest in fame or wealth but rather inlged himself in the company of androgen of female playmate from both high and low classes. He proclaimed that girls are creatures of water and that he could feel that freshness and cleanliness. Whereas men are the beams of slim he was overwhelmed by turbulence and filthiness merely by catching a sight of them. This is not a casual remark dropped by our hero. Indeed his whole life from his thoughts and feelings to his expressions and demeanor evolved around his contempt for fame and wealth His devotion to love and soul and his conspicuous opposition to patriarchal tradition.
The author successfully portrays many distinct female characters beaming with talent pose innocents and grace. Each drawing her own crowd the most important character other the leading male role of Bao Yu are twelve young ladies known as the twelve beauties of the imperial mausoleum. One of the distinct characteristics of this book is the great esteem given to women.

In this book even those chambermaids with rather low social status are given distinctive and unforgettable personalities. Being upright passionate loyal capable and efficient, Worth mentioning are the poem that the characters every count event. The author's literary feats enable him to weave poetry in the pros and bleat personality and talent by presenting their inner woes. In a reflection of cultural and spiritual life of his time these poems for shadow the future developments of the plot as well as the fate of the books characters.

The elder daughter of the Jia family was name Yuan Chun and she was exulted as an imperial consort and granted a visit to her family. This family was wealthy and aristocratic and built a splendid and magnificent park to welcome her so those he young girls determined Bao Yu moved into the park. And in their new living quarters they enjoyed freedom like never before so they transformed the park into a kingdom of youth till it was passing dreams laughter and tears. The luxurious park then became a venue for gathering and as well as parties but however their heathenish lifestyle kept interrupting life styles of the family eventually drove was their downfall.

The luxurious park became a venue for frequent gathering and feasts, the promulgate and corrupting lifestyle of the family manifested in every gathering and feast sowed the seed of its ruin.

I buried the flower petals today they laugh at my foolishness when I die who will tend my tomb.

A poem written by Dai Yu her proclivity for being over sensitive and sentimental and her forlorn childhood are embodied in this poem. Orphaned and wretched; she was taken in by her maternal grandmother at a young age. She is a gifted beauty, proud a luck and eccentric but fragile and delicate. Thou her heart beats in harmony with Dai Yushe was thawed to her lifetime pursuit of perfect love. Owing largely to her external factors and partly to her own personality flaws. This poem represents a self-fulfilling prophecy of her tragic destiny.

Another hero Bao Chai is total different from Dai Yu except for her literary gift of beauty. She stands out among her peer as a worldly calm sedate an elegant young woman. Thou attractive and charming she lack the chased and romantic qualities of Dai Yu. Measured against traditional female virtues her disposition and demeanor make her the perfect candidate for the wife of a young aristocrat. In an arranged wedding, Bao Yu married her.

At the same time seaming joyful and lively moments the exhausted and desperate Dai Yu approaches the end of their life in complete isolation.

In addition to the tortured past by the leading characters every single person experienced there own ups and downs. Conflicts suffering and struggles start a few roads of life in there wonderful life. And so the paradise no longer can stand up to the impact of the outside world. Finally the Jia family abandons the palace and the splendor of it was lost forever. So this story depicts the rise and fall of the Jia family and its members.
Along with the family the declining fame and wealth the dark and desolate shadow is cast over Eden where the young members of the family take refuge. Under the same clear sky with the same moonlight hearing the same music the same people same feast but not the same atmosphere. Nor the same feeling everyone know deep in their hearts that this mundane earthly beauty delight will soon vanish.

Having lived through a separation and death and the decline of family our hero Bao Yu finally came to understand the emptiness of a material world. After he fulfilled his filial ties by marrying chi the women handpicked by his parents and passing his examinations for civil servant he returned to his spiritual origin and became a monk.

The story has now came full circle the precious stone eventually reverts to its ethereal address the tragic twist to the ending of the book brakes away from the shackles of traditional Confucian values and conventional happy endings.

In the dream of the red chamber the author communicates the deception of life and denounces the material world. He successfully depicts and portrays the characters and allows the reader to identify with family member's friends and relatives and give the book influences that are positive as well as an outlet.

No.2 Romance of the Three Kingdoms

First of the five great works of traditional prose fiction, this master narrative transforms history into epic and has thereby ecated and entertained readers of five centuries with unforgettable exemplars of martial and civic virtue, of personal fidelity and political treachery. "The empire, long divided, must unite; long united, must divide. Thus it has ever been." Echoing the rhythms of Chinese history itself, the monumental tale Three Kingdoms begins. As important for Chinese culture as the Homeric epics have been for the West, this fourteenth-century masterpiece continues to be loved and read throughout China today. Three Kingdoms portrays a fateful moment at the end of the Han Dynasty (206 B.C.-A.D. 220) when the future of the Chinese empire lay in the balance. Fearing attacks by three rebellious states, the emperor sent out an urgent appeal for support. In response, three young men - the aristocratic Liu Xuande, the fugitive Lord Guan, and the pig butcher Zhang Fei - met to swear eternal brotherhood and fealty to their beleaguered country. Their vow set in motion the series of events that ultimately resulted in the collapse of the Han. Writing centuries later, Luo Guanzhong drew on, often-told tales of this turbulent period to fashion a sophisticated narrative of loyalty and treachery, triumph and defeat, that came to epitomize all that was best and worst in the life of his country.

"Three Kingdoms is the tale (part historical, part legend and myth) of the fall of the Later Han Dynasty of China. It chronicles the lives of those feudal lords and their retainers who tried to either replace the empire or restore it. While the novel actually follows literally hundreds of characters, the focus is mainly on the 3 families who would eventually carve out the 3 kingdoms from the remnants of the Han. The Liu family in the Shu kingdom led by Liu Bei, The Cao family in Wei led by Cao Cao, and the Sun family in Wu eventually led by Sun Quan. The book deals with the plots, personal and army battles, intrigues, and struggles of these families to achieve dominance for almost 100 yrs. This book also gives you a sense of the way the Chinese view their history: cyclical rather than linear (as in the West). The first and last lines of the book sum this view up best: 'The empire long united must divide...' and 'The empire long divided must unite...' If you are at least a little interested in Chinese history (ancient or modern) and culture this book is a must read."
No.3 Tale of Water Margin

In the final years of the song dynasty china was in a state of political and social turmoil. Besides frequent foreign invasion and a large number of man made and natural disasters there were also constant pheasant rebellion. In order to transform society and make it more equitable and human 108 heroes joined together in Shan-dong province Liang Shan to oppose the local officials and genitures. Thus began the corsages and moving drama on which the novel water margin is based.

Water margin is title Shui-Hu-Zhuan in Chinese and in English it is called all men are brothers or outlaws of the heart. The story originated and was widely told ring the northern Tang dynasty. In the early years of the Yuan dynasty from 1271-1368 A.D., Legend has it that Shi Nai-an compiled and edited this long novel. People say that the story of heroes of the greenwoods who are leading characters of water margins is Chinas greatest novel of chivalry. Water margin is based on popular folk tales and fully reflects the thoughts and feelings prevalent at the time. Most importantly the novel depicts comrades among these men and the spirit of justice and accordance to the traditional ideals of the pheasants. Therefore a water margin has gained wide acceptances among the city dwellers as well. Readers can easily imagine that they are fond of the hidden world of the underworld and feel the vigorous life force of the common people the story begins in the Northern Song capital Bian Jing, which is now Kaifeng.

Arriving at the river on tomb sweeping day he picked the landscape of the Northern Song capitol Bian Jing. Rows of shops the hustle and bustle of large crowed that painting fully displayed Bian Jing flourishing economy and vibrant culture. Yet behinds this prosperous background many lurking dangers lay buried beneath the surface.

Because of the power of the Northern Song dynasty much of the empire northern territory was occupied by several barbarian tribes. At the same time the song court was being bankrupt by corrupt ministers who greatly abused their power. In this society corrupt officials and so-called gentlemen of aristocracy constantly bully the weak and cost untold hardship among the peasant In water margin there is a song that movingly portrays that this affection and misery faced by the.

Scorching sun burning like inferno rice stocks have weathered and in unending fields. The famous heart fill like flowing water while young aristocracies wait for time.

Since the local authorities in Liang Shan-po see them as bandits the common people call them good men. And consider them heroes moreover the peasant perceive that these man have become outlaws not to rob or plunder but to fulfill a much higher purpose.

In the absent of a just society they are forced to join together as brothers for a common purpose and mission. As the heroes travel the rebel's roads their actions are easily identified with and moving to the common people.

(Liang Shan-po)

The leader of the Liang Shan is nick named kindly reign does this name express his ability to give aid in an emergency? Or head off danger or to head of at the right time to lend a helping hand?
Originally Song Jiang was a district magistrate with absolutely no intentions of becoming a rebel. However seeing the corruption of the government that caused the peasants a great deal of suffering and misery. Song deeply regretted his inability to effect change so Song picked up a pen and paper and wrote a poem to voice his aspirations and to criticize the government. After publishing the poem song was tried and sentenced to death but on the eve of his scheled execution. Song Jiang was saved by Lee Kui a member of the Liang Shan brotherhood and led off to the safety of the mountain. After his escape song became boss of the cruse warring on behalf of heaven. I will protect the land and the safety of the people.

Encountering great calamities it is a common fate forcing most of the leading characters in water margin with extreme measures. A prime example is the all-inspiring Ling Chong nick named panther¡¯s head. Ling Chong was a general and chief instructor with eighty thousand men and imperial guards.

Ling misfortunes started on the day that his beautiful wife went to the temple to worship and burn incense. There a field martial stepson and saw ling spouse and immediately became infatuated with her. In order to take Ling Chong wife by force the field martial used his power to set a deadly trap by falsely accusing ling of attempting to assassinate him. As a result Ling Chong was banished to a frontier garrison in Cang Chow. Not happy with the punishment the field marshal set out by hook or foot to kill Ling Chong on the road to his new post.

Fortunately, Ling was rescued by his sworn brothers allowing Ling to escape certain death. However, Thinking that her husband dead ling spouse took her own life in order to keep a widow virtue. The resistant felt over the destruction of this family was beyond his enrance and as a result Ling Chong went to Liang Shan-po to join rebel camp.

好多

参考资料：http://tieba.baidu.com/f?kz=4818642

热心网友时间：2023-01-28 03:00

简介是简单的介绍，这里不作长篇大论
The Four Great Classical Novels, or Four Major Classical Novels (Chinese: 四大名著) of Chinese literature, are the four novels commonly counted by scholars to be the greatest and most influential in classical Chinese fiction. Well known to every Chinese reader in the 20th century, they are not to be confused with the Four Books of Confucianism (四大经书). The Four Great Classical Novels are considered to be the pinnacle of China's achievement in classical novels, influencing the creation of many stories, theater, movies, games, and other entertainment throughout China, Korea, Japan, and Taiwan.

In chronological order, they are:

Romance of the Three Kingdoms (三国演义) (14th century) (more recently and appropriately known as, and translated as, simply "Three Kingdoms")
Water Margin (水浒传) (also known as Outlaws of the Marsh) (14th century),
Journey to the West (西游记) (16th century),
Dream of the Red Chamber (红楼梦) (also known as The Story of the Stone) (18th century)
Some consider Jin Ping Mei (金瓶梅) (The Plum in the Golden Vase or Golden Lotus) (1610) to be a fifth classic. In the late Ming Dynasty and early Qing Dynasty, Jin Ping Mei along with the above first three novels, was classified as "Four Major Novels of Wonder" (traditional Chinese: 四大奇书; simplified Chinese: 四大奇书) by Feng Menglong (冯梦龙). With the advent of Dream of the Red Chamber, its position has graally been usurped. It has almost faded into oblivion in the modern era, because Chinese governments often banned it for its explicit description of sex.

热心网友时间：2023-01-28 05:42

《西游记》Pilgrimage to the West; Journey to the West
《三国演义》The Romance of the Three Kingdoms
《红楼梦》A Dream in Red Chamber (The Story of the Stone)
《水浒传》 Heroes of the Marshes; Water Margins

http://bbs.gao00.com/viewthread.php?tid=99395

话说英语考试还是自己写这个网站上有简介英文的自己整理一下吧

热心网友时间：2023-01-28 08:40

热心网友时间：2023-01-28 11:54

《西游记》Pilgrimage to the West; Journey to the West
《三国演义》The Romance of the Three Kingdoms
《红楼梦》A Dream in Red Mansions (The Story of the Stone)
《水浒传》 Heroes of the Marshes; Water Margins

热心网友时间：2023-01-28 15:26

Once upon a time the goddess Nv Gua level several thousands pieces of stone to repair the damage post of heaven. One extra stone that did not fit and as discard at the foot of a mountain.

This ethereal stone discover a lovely but frail but celestial camp by the river of the spirits in the west. Everyday it watered the plants with sweet dew the plant nourished by the dew took essence of heaven and earth. After centuries of polishing the stone took on human forms and descended to earth and becoming the hero and heroin of the dream of the red chamber a complex brilliant and profound drama.

Among the Chinese classics the dream of the red chamber has been most widely red and studied by the general public and scholars its conception in the later part of the 18th century. Besides its mythical beginning more then 400 human characters come to life in the Jia palace throughout the one hundredth and twenty chapters of this book. They vividly and realistically unveil a pure world and the spiritual world and the love and hatred and the good and evil desiccant and consonant.

For over one hundredth years the dream of the red chamber has attracted millions of people from all walks of life. It especially appeals to young people because the entire antagonist in the story is young as well. The book is a masterpiece e to its vast repertoire and reservoir of artistic achievements the bound philosophy of life simultaneously coupled with a compelling love story.

The hero of the dream of the red chamber is the human form of the discard ethereal stone. He was born holding a precious stone in his mouth and so named Bao Yu precious stone. He is the lifeblood of the Jia family protagonist of the love story and preacher of the philosophy of life. The main plot of the novel is the entangle love triangle among Bao Yu the imperial stone Xian Yu the transform celestial plant and Dai Yuthe destine earthly love possessing the gold medallion with an inscription matching the one on the precious stone from the couple. The secondary plot evolves around the rise and decline of the Jia family.

A series of events of characters unfold around these two plots the detailed and structured analysis of the entwined relationships among the novels innumerous characters. Enable the readers to get a thrall understanding of the rise and decline of a prominent family and a taste of love and hatred joy and sorrow and reunion and separation.

The author Cao Xue-qin was born in the early part of the 18th century ring the period of emperor Kong Xi and died in the 27th year of reign of emperor Chin in the Ching dynasty. Historical research reveals that the personal experiences of the authors bare striking similarities to the events setting of this novel.

Bao Yu is protagonist was a pampered child who faced high expectations he took no interest in fame or wealth but rather inlged himself in the company of androgen of female playmate from both high and low classes. He proclaimed that girls are creatures of water and that he could feel that freshness and cleanliness. Whereas men are the beams of slim he was overwhelmed by turbulence and filthiness merely by catching a sight of them. This is not a casual remark dropped by our hero. Indeed his whole life from his thoughts and feelings to his expressions and demeanor evolved around his contempt for fame and wealth His devotion to love and soul and his conspicuous opposition to patriarchal tradition.

热心网友时间：2023-01-28 19:14

先用中文写好，再用WORD翻译成英文....中国人嘛...组织中文很容易的！~·

热心网友时间：2023-01-28 23:18

的

热心网友时间：2023-01-29 03:40

一、【《三国演义》】

作者：（元末明初）罗贯中

全称：三国志通俗演义

回数：共一百二十回

介绍：根据陈寿《三国志》，以及范晔《后汉书》、元代《三国志平话》和一些民间传说写成。现所见刊本以明嘉靖本最早，分24卷，240则。清初毛宗岗又做了一些修改，成为现在通行的120回本。

三国演义故事开始于刘备、关羽、张飞桃园三结义，结束于王浚平吴，描写了东汉末年和三国时代魏、蜀、吴三国之间的军事、*斗争。文字浅显、人物形象刻画深刻、情节曲折、结构宏大。

元末明初，我国的小说创作进入了一个新的时期，尤其是章回体小说步入日臻完善的阶段。中国的第一部流传最广、影响最深、成就最高、气魄最大的章回体古典小说《三国演义》，即《三国志通俗演义》，就是通过生活在这一历史时期的、杰出的小说大家——罗贯中的椽笔诞生并风行于世的。他在我国的文学发展史上，建树了不可磨灭的伟大功绩。同时，为世界文学的宝库，也增添了灿烂的光彩。

罗贯中（1330年一1400年之间），名本，号湖海散人，明代通俗小说家。他的籍贯一说是太原（今山西），一说是钱塘（今浙江杭州），不可确考。据传说，罗贯中曾充任过元末农民起义军张士诚的幕客．除《三国志通俗演义》外，他还创作有《隋唐志传》等通俗小说和《赵太祖龙虎风云会》等戏剧。另外，有相当一部分人认为《水浒传》后三十回也是其所作。

二、【《水浒传》】

又名：《忠义水浒传》、《江湖豪客传》

作者：（元末明初）施耐庵

明高儒《百川书志》著录其所见本，前署“钱塘施耐庵的本，罗贯中编次”。胡应麟《少室山房笔丛》认为是施耐庵所作，王圻《续文献通考》认为是罗贯中所作。

水浒传介绍：作者在《宣和遗事》及相关话本、故事的基础上创作而成。全书以描写农民战争为主要题材，塑造了李逵、武松、林冲、鲁智深等梁山英雄，揭示了当时的社会矛盾。故事曲折、语言生动、人物性格鲜明，具有很高的艺术成就。

版本：水浒传在流传中，出现了多种不同的本子。现在所见的，主要有100回本、120回本和70回本。100回本在“招安”后，有“征辽”和*方腊起义等情节；120回本又插增了*田虎、王庆的情节。后金圣叹将此书删改，去掉了招安及以后的事，称为70回（实为71回）。

施耐庵（1296～1371）名子安（一说名耳），又名肇瑞，彦端，号耐庵。

苏州城阊门外，怀胥桥北施家巷有一户施姓人家，是孔子七十二弟子之一施之常的后裔。这一支传到施耐庵的父亲已是十四世。元成宗元贞二年（公元1296年）施家添了一个男丁。一位老秀才给婴儿起了个名字，叫彦端，意思是这孩子长大了，定是位行为端正的才子。这个襁褓中的彦端，就是后来写出千古名著《水浒》的施耐庵。施耐庵7岁时，家里贫穷，无法上学。但他聪明好学，经常借书看，请邻居教，有时还到学府去旁听。就这样，他读了《大学》、《论语》、《诗》、《礼》等许多书。13岁时，已能在大庭广众之中，对答如流，下笔琳琅。一次，邻居老人病故，约请在浒墅关教私塾的季秀才来写祭文。季秀才未能及时赶到，别人就提议让彦端试试。耐庵少年气盛，欲显其才，也不推让，走过来一挥而就。后来，季秀才看了这篇兼有稚气和才气的祭文，称赞不已。主动提出，带施耐庵到浒墅关去读书，并且不收学费。后来还把自己的女儿许配给了施耐庵。施耐庵在浒墅关读书，十分刻苦，他不仅熟读诸子百家，而且各种书都去浏览。当时刊行的《大宋宣和遗事》，讲晁盖智取生辰纲”、“宋江杀阎婆惜”、杨志卖刀”等故事，引起了施耐庵的兴趣，他常常在课余阅读。还同小伙伴们一起舞刀弄棒，练习武艺。那时，苏州城里经常说唱些如《石头孙立》、《青面兽》、《花和尚》、《武行者》、《同乐院燕青搏鱼》、《李逵负荆》等话本和杂剧，施耐庵有时也去消遣，对这些“仗义英雄”、“擎天好汉”流露出敬佩之情。

三、【《西游记》】

作者：（明）吴承恩

回数：共一百回

介绍：西游记以民间传说的唐僧取经的故事和有关话本及杂剧（元末明初杨讷作）基础上创作而成。西游记前七回叙述孙悟空出世，有大闹天宫等故事。此后写孙悟空随唐僧西天取经，沿途除妖降魔、战胜困难的故事。书中唐僧、孙悟空、猪八戒、沙僧等形象刻画生动，规模宏大，结构完整。

吴承恩(约1504年-约1582年)，字汝忠，号射阳山人，江苏淮安人。吴承恩大约40岁才补得一个岁贡生，到北京等待分配官职，没有被选上，由于母老家贫，去做了长兴县丞，终因受人诬告，两年后“拂袖而归”，晚年以卖文为生，大约活了将近80岁。

四、【《红楼梦》】

原名：《石头记》

作者：（清）曹雪芹

红楼梦共一百二十回，前八十回由曹雪芹作，后四十回一般认为是由高鹗所作。曹作八十回在撰写、修改过程中就以抄本的方式流传。乾隆五十年(1791年)，程伟元将前八十回及后四十回续稿以活字排印，从此一百二十回本流行。但前八十回的文字曾又改动。

介绍：红楼梦写于十八世纪中叶的清乾隆时代，内容以贾、王、史、薛四大家族为背景，以贾宝玉、林黛玉的爱情悲剧为主线，着重描写贾家荣国府和宁国府由盛到衰的全过程。作品语言优美生动，善于刻画人物，塑造了贾宝玉、林黛玉、王熙凤、薛宝钗、尤三姐等个性鲜明的人物。本书规模宏大，结构严谨，具有很高的艺术成就。

曹雪芹，中国清代小说家，字梦阮，号雪芹，又号芹圃、芹溪，祖籍辽阳，生于1715年，卒于1763年。其先世原是汉族，后为满洲正曹雪芹白旗包衣（家奴）。曹雪芹的曾祖父曹玺，祖父曹寅，父辈的曹颙和曹頫相继担任江宁织造达60余年之久，颇受康熙帝宠信。曹雪芹在富贵荣华中长大。雍正初年，由于封建统治阶级内部斗争的牵连，曹家遭受多次打击，曹頫被革职入狱，家产抄没，举家迁回北京，家道从此日渐衰微。这一转折，使曹雪芹深感世态炎凉，更清醒地认识了封建社会制度的实质。从此他生活一贫如洗他能诗会画，擅长写作，以坚韧不拔的毅力专心致志地从事小说《红楼梦》的写作和修订，披阅10载，增删5次，写出了这部把中国古典小说创作推向巅峰的文学巨著。《红楼梦》以其丰富的内容，曲折的情节，深刻的思想认识，精湛的艺术手法成为中国古典小说中伟大的现实主义作品。乾隆二十七年（1762），幼子夭亡，曹雪芹陷于过度忧伤和悲痛，到这一年的除夕（1764年2月1日），因贫病无医而逝世（关于曹雪芹逝世的年份，另有乾隆二十八年和二十九年两种说法），入葬费用由好友资助。

1. 【 "Romance of the Three Kingdoms"】

Author: (Yuanmomingchu) Luo Guanzhong

Full name: Popular Romance of the Three Kingdoms

Back: A total of 120 Back

: According to Chen, "Three Kingdoms", Fan Ye, as well as the "Book of the Later Han," the Yuan Dynasty, "the three countries Zhiping," and wrote a number of folklore. Are seen as early as the Ming Jiajing to Kanben, at 24 volumes and 240. Mao and the early Qing Gang made some changes to be accepted now back to the present 120.

Romance of the Three Kingdoms story began in Liu Bei, Guan Yu, Zhang Fei knot just three in Taoyuan, at the end of the Wu-Ping Wang Jun, a description of the Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms of Wei, Shu and Wu between the three countries of military, political struggle. Simple text, images portray a deep, plot twists and turns, grand structure.

Yuanmomingchu, China's novels have entered a new period, in particular chapter into the back-story is getting more sophisticated stage. China first circulated most widely, most affected, the highest achievement, the greatest breadth of the chapter back to the classic-novel "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" is to live in this historical period, all outstanding novels - Luo Guanzhong The birth of your masterpiece and the world of fashion. In his literary history of the development of our country, an indelible contribution to the great achievements. At the same time, the world's treasure-house of literature, but also added a brilliant luster.

Luo Guanzhong (1330-between 1400), were present, the number of people scattered lakes, popular novelist in the Ming Dynasty. He said to be one of the country of origin, Taiyuan (Shanxi Province today), said to be a Qiantang (today in Hangzhou, Zhejiang), do not test. According to legend, Luo Yuan Mo has been acting as the peasant uprising of the army Zhang Shicheng Muke. In addition to the "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", he also created the "Sui-Tang" and other popular novels and "Dynasty Zhao Feng Yun will be coming" and other plays. In addition, a considerable portion of that, "Outlaws of the Marsh" is also made to 30.

2. 【 "Outlaws of the Marsh"】

Also known as: "Outlaws of the Marsh loyalty" and "Biography Jianghuhaoke"

Author: (Yuanmomingchu) Shi Naian

High-Ming Confucianism, "Chi rivers book," recorded with his view of this, the former Department "Shinai An Qiantang of this, the time for Luo Guanzhong." Hu Ying-lin, "Shao Shishan room Cong pen" that was made by Shi Naian, Wang Qi, "added Tongkao literature" that was made by Luo Guanzhong.

All Men Are Brothers: Author of "sun and Heritage" and in this case, on the basis of the creation story from. The whole book to describe the peasants as the main theme of war, shaped Li Kui, Wu and Lin, Lu and so heroes Yangsan, reveals the prevailing social contradictions. The story twists and turns, vivid language, the distinctive character and high artistic achievement.

Version: Outlaws of the Marsh in the spread, there have been many different book. Now see, there are 100 of the back, 120 back and 70 back of this. 100 Back in the present, "Zhao An", "Liaoning Zheng," Fang La uprising and repression, and other circumstances; 120 back and play this repression by the Tian Hu, Wang plot. Jin Sheng-tan after the book will be deleted and removed after Zhao An, called back to the 70 (actually 71 back).

Shinai An (1296 ~ 1371) An name (a name that the ear), also known as Zhao Rui, Yan-side, Nai An,.

Suzhou City, outside the gate of heaven, Xu Huai Shi Bridge Lane has a family surname Shi, 72 disciples of Confucius is one of the descendants of Chang Shi. It reached a Shinai An's father is XIV. Cheng Yuan Yuan Zhen in 2002 (Year 1296) Tian Shi home a male. An old scholar from the baby to a name, called end-yen, which means that children grow up, is scheled to conct the gifted scholar. The baby of the side-yan, that is, later famous through the ages to write "Water Margin" Shi Naian. Shinai An 7-year-old, family poverty, unable to go to school. But he smart to learn, always look at library, teaching neighbors and, in some cases to the university to attend. In this way, he read "University" and "The Analects of Confucius" and "Poetry" and "ceremony" and many other books. 13-year-old, has been able to in public, such as the exchanges along streams, Linlang write. First, the elderly neighbor died, asked the school to teach Hushuguan quarter of the scholar to write oration. Scholar quarter failed to arrive just in time to let other people in connection with the proposed end-yan try. Nai An aggressive boy, the only significant To not Tuirang, came one go. Later, this quarter saw both childish scholar and literary talent of the oration, much praise. Offered, with Shinai An Hushuguan to go to school and do not charge tuition. Later, also betrothed his daughter to Shi Naian. Shinai An Hushuguan in the study very hard, he not only familiar with the hundreds of various schools, and a variety of books to browse. At that time published the "Song Xuan and Heritage", say Chaogai birthday outsmart the key link "," Song Jiang kill young and pretty, "Yang to sell knives," the story, Shinai An aroused interest, he often read after school. It also partners with a small get together Wu wand to practice martial arts. At that time, the Suzhou city more frequently, such as rap, "Sun Stone" and "Green side beast," "Monk" and "Wu Departed," "Fun House Yan Qing fighting fish", "Jing Li Kui negative" and other words of the drama and , Sometimes to Shinai An entertainment, "Zhang Yi Hero" and "tower Heroes" showing respect for them.

3. "Journey to the West"】

The author: (Ming) Wu Cheng-en

Back: A total of 100 back

: Journey to the West folklore to learn the story of the Tang and the words of this drama and (Yuanmomingchu Yang-le-made) on the basis of creativity from. Journey to the West before the seven back to the description of the Monkey King was born, Havoc in Heaven, and other stories. Since then, the Monkey King to write with the West to learn Tang, Chuyaojiangmo along the way to overcome the difficulties of the story. Tang book, Monkey, Pig Journey, Sha Seng, and so vividly portray the image of large-scale, structural integrity.

Wu Cheng-en (about 1504 - about 1582), the word Yu-chung, Sheyang, Shan Ren, Huai'an, Jiangsu people. Wu Cheng-en about 40 years old make up only a one-year-old Gong Sheng, to Beijing to wait for official distribution, was not selected, as old mother of poverty, to do the Xian Cheng Changxing, the end result of the person falsely accused, two years later, "Fu Xiu and the" old age In order to make a living selling text about living for nearly 80 years old.

4.【 "A Dream of Red Mansions"】

Original name: "Stones"

Author: (Qing) Cao Xueqin

A total of 120 back to A Dream of Red Mansions, by Cao Xueqin back to the pre-80 for the latter is generally believed that to 40 by the high E's. Cao made in writing to 80, in order to modify the course of manuscripts on the way down. 50 years of Qianlong (1791), Cheng Wei Yuan will be back to 80 before and after the draft continued to back forty typographical type, from 120 back this epidemic. However, before the 80 back and change the text had been.

: A Dream of Red Mansions written in the mid-eighteenth century Qianlong of the Qing era, so as to the contents of Jia and Wang Shi Xue in the background Sitaijiazu to Jia, Lin's love tragedy of the main line, focused on descriptions of Jia Jia Rong-guo and the House by the House Ningguo Sheng failure to the whole process. Works beautifully vivid language, good at portraying characters, shaped Jia, Lin, Wang, Xue, You Sanjie distinct personality, and other characters. The book large-scale, well-structured, high artistic achievement.

Cao Xueqin, Chinese novelist of the Qing Dynasty, the word dream Nguyen, No. Xue-Qin, Qin, garden, Qin Kai and native of Liaoyang, was born in 1715 and died in 1763. Han was the Xianshi, after Cao Manchukuo is coated white flag (slaves). Xi Cao Cao Xueqin's great-grandfather, grandfather, Cao Yin, father of Cao Cao Yong and down one after another as Jiangningzao up more than 60 years, the popular Emperor Kangxi Chongxin. Cao Xueqin in the splendor of wealth grew up. Yongzheng in the early years, because of the feudal ruling class involved in the internal struggle, suffered a number of anti-Cao Cao down imprisonment were dismissed, the property did not copy, move back to his family in Beijing, from our decaying family financial situation. The turning point, so that Cao Xueqin Shitaiyanliang deeply, but also clearly understand the essence of the feudal social system. Since then, his life penniless, he will be able to draw poetry, good at writing to the tenacity and perseverance dedicated to engage in novel "A Dream of Red Mansions", written and amended, contains 10 reading, additions and deletions 5th, wrote to this classical Chinese novel To the creative peak of the great works of literature. "A Dream of Red Mansions" with its rich content, the plot twists and turns, in-depth understanding of the idea, the exquisite art of Chinese classical novel way to become in great works of realism. 27 Qianlong (1762), the youngest son premature death, Cao Xueqin over into grief and sadness, this year's New Year's Eve (February 1, 1764), as a result of sick and the doctor's death (on the death of Cao Xueqin of the year, and another Qian Long 28 years and 29 years in two different ways), the cost of Ruzang funded by the friends.