美国人别名叫yank/yankee的来历或是历史，中文英文都可以，最好是英语。谢谢

发布网友 发布时间：2022-07-29 04:55

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热心网友 时间：2023-11-19 00:35

"Yankee"，最初是指在美国东北部新英格兰地区定居的殖民者。在美国南北战争(1861-1865)期间， "Yankee"的含义扩大了。南方军人把北方各州的士兵都叫作"Yankee(北方佬)"。在第一次世界大战(1914-1918)期间， "Yankee"简化成"Yank"。一唱起"The Yanks Are Coming(扬克来了)"这支歌，欧洲那些处境艰难的协约国人民无不欢欣流泪。从那时起，"Yankee"对于欧洲人来说，就成了美国兵或美国人的代称了。在拉丁美洲，Yankee拼作Yanqui，在民族独立运动风起云涌的五十年代，长期遭受美国剥削和压迫的拉丁美洲人民发出了Yanqui go home!(美国佬滚回老家去！)的吼声，对美国的经济利益和*影响可说是一个巨大的打击。

热心网友 时间：2023-11-19 00:36

http://ke.baidu.com/view/167246.html?tp=4_01

热心网友 时间：2023-11-19 00:36

The term Yankee, sometimes abbreviated to Yank, has a few related meanings, often referring to someone of Northern U.S. origin or heritage. Within the United States its meaning has varied over time. Originally the term referred to residents of New England as used by Mark Twain in A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court. During and after the American Civil War its meaning expanded to include any Northerner or resident of the states formerly on the Union side of the war, and included anyone from the Northeast (New England, Mid-Atlantic, and upper Great Lakes states). After the Civil War the term graally reverted to its earlier meaning of New Englander,[1] although Southerners often continue to use the extended meaning.

Outside the United States, Yank or Yankee is a slang term, sometimes derogatory, for any U.S. citizen.

The origins of the term are uncertain, although there are many speculative suggestions.

Hastings of Cambridge, Massachusetts, was attributed around 1713 to regularly using the word as a superlative, generally in the sense of excellent.[2]

In 1758 British General James Wolfe referred to the New England soldiers under his command as Yankees: "I can afford you two companies of Yankees."[3] Later the term as used by the British was often derogatory, as shown by the cartoon from 1775 ridiculing Yankee soldiers.[3] The "Yankee and Pennamite" war was a series of clashes that occurred in 1769 over land titles in Pennsylvania, in which "Yankee" meant the Connecticut claimants.

One of the earliest theories on the word's origin is that it derives from the Cherokee word eankke, meaning coward, as applied to the residents of New England.

It also may come from a northeastern Native American approximation of the words English and anglais. One school of thought is that the word is a borrowing from the Wendat (called Huron by the French) pronunciation of the French l'anglais (meaning the English), sounded as "Y'an-gee". During the French and Indian War the word would have been widely used among many Native Americans in the British colonies to refer to white settlers in Upstate New York, throughout New England, and other areas west of the Hudson Valley. Later arrivals to the region then adopted the term with the pronunciation evolving to "Yankee".[2] This notion has been rejected by some linguists.[3]
Loyalist newspaper cartoon from Boston 1776 ridicules "Yankie Doodles" militia who have encircled the city

The most plausible derivation is from the Dutch first names "Jan" and "Kees." "Jan" and "Kees" were and still are common Dutch first names, and also common Dutch given names or nicknames. In many instances both names (Jan-Kees) are also used as a single first name in the Netherlands. The word Yankee in this sense would be used as a form of contempt, applied derisively to Dutch or English settlers in the New England states.[2]

Another speculation suggests the Dutch form was Jan Kaas, "John Cheese", from the prevalence of dairy farming among the Dutch, but this seems far-fetched.[citation needed]

Michael Quinion and Patrick Hanks argue[4] that the term refers to the Dutch nickname and surname Janneke (from "Jan" and the diminutive "-ke", meaning "Little John" or Johnny in tch), anglicized to Yanke (the "J" is pronounced "Y" in Dutch) and "used as a nickname for a Dutch-speaking American in colonial times". By extension, the term grew to include non-Dutch colonists as well.

Another possible explanation is that the name "Kees", normally an abbreviation for "Cornelius" in Dutch, also means a monkey or baboon. This usage is still in use in Afrikaans. This means that that the origin of "Yankee" is "Jan Kees" or "John Baboon."

One influence on the use of the term throughout the years has been the song Yankee Doodle, which was popular at the time of the American Revolutionary War (1775–1783). Following the Battle of Concord, it was broadly adopted by Americans and today is the state song of Connecticut.

An early use of the term outside the United States was in the creation of Sam Slick, the "Yankee Clockmaker", in a column in a newspaper in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, in 1835. The character was a plain-talking U.S. citizen who served to poke fun at Nova Scotian customs of that era, while trying to urge the old-fashioned Canadians to be as clever and hard-working as the Yankees.

The "damned Yankee" usage dates from 1812.[3] During and after the American Civil War (1861–1865) Confederates popularized it as a derogatory term for their Northern enemies.