be动词的用法总结
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发布时间：2022-04-23 20:45
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热心网友
时间：2022-05-07 09:53
be是一个多功能动词，现将它的用法归纳如下：
一、系动词be
be可以用作连系动词，中心词义是“是”，句型为“主＋系＋表”结构。be的形式常用am, is, are(现在式)；was, were(过去式)；will/can/may/must be(助动词/情态动词＋原形)；have/has/had been(助动词＋过去分词)等。如：
To help animals is helping people. （一般现在时）
帮助动物就是帮助人类。
The twins were very busy yesterday.（一般过去时）
这对双胞胎昨天很忙。
It will be sunny tomorrow.（一般将来时）
明天天气晴朗。
She has been ill for over a week.（现在完成时）
她已经病了一个星期多了。
【注意】有以下三类系动词：
1. “存在”类:表示存在或具有某种特征或状态，这类连系动词强调“存在”。常见的有：be（是），look（看起来），feel（摸上去），seem（似乎是），appear（似乎、显得），prove（证明是），smell（闻起来）taste（尝起来），sound（听起来）等。如：
The story sounds beautiful. 这故事听起来很动听。
Those oranges taste good. 这些桔子尝起来很好。
2. “持续”类：表示某种情况或状态的持续。这类连系动词强调“持续”。常见的有：remain（依然），keep（保持），stay（保持），continue（继续、仍旧），stand（处于某状况或情形）等。如:
Why don't you put the meat in the fridge? It will stay fresh for several days.
你为什么不把肉放到冰箱里呢？它将会保鲜几天。
Please keep quiet in the reading room. 阅览室里请保持安静。
3. “变化”类：表示由一种情况或状态变化成另一种情况或状态。这类连系动词强调“变化”后的情况或状态。常见的有：become（变成），turn（变成），grow（变得）， go（变得）等。如：
Put the fish in the fridge, or it will go bad in hot weather.
在热天，把鱼放到冰箱里，否则它要变坏的。
【练习】用be，smell，taste，go，get，become，grow，seem，look，feel，turn的适当形式填空：
1. You very young.
2. At first those questions (看上去)easy, but later I found them difficult.
3. After the sports meeting, he very tired.
4. My younger brother (成为) a student last year.
5. When we up(长大), we're going to help build up our country.
6. The flowers very sweet.
7. Her face (变成)red.
8. Jack very happy.
9. Now the mooncake good.
10. The meat bad yesterday.
【答案】 1. look/are 2. seemed 3. felt/was 4. became 5. grow
6. smell/are 7. turned 8.looks/is 9. tastes/is 10.went/was
二、助动词be
Be可以用作助动词，无词义，辅助主要动词一起在句中作谓语动词。用法如下：
1. be+doing：构成进行时态，有现在和过去两种进行时态。如：
The girls is reading and copying the new words now.
女孩子们现在正在朗读、抄写新单词。
Young Tom was having an English class at this time yesterday morning.
小汤姆昨天这个时候正在上英语课。
2. be+done：构成被动语态（主语是动作的承受者，done必须是及物动词）。如：
Tea is grown in my hometown.（一般现在时的被动语态）
我们家乡种茶叶。
This building was built three years ago.（一般过去时的被动语态）
这幢楼是三年前造的。
Our classroom has been cleaned and tidied already.（现在完成时的被动语态）
我们的教室已经打扫、整理过了。
How could this kind of cakes be made in your home?（含情态动词的被动语态）
这种蛋糕怎么能在你家里制作呢？
That is a day never to be forgotten.（动词不定式的被动语态）
那是永远无法忘记的一天。
3. be+going to do，表示“打算或将要做某事”，be有现在和过去两种形式。如：
We are going to plant trees in the park tomorrow.
明天我们将到公园里去种树。
I didn't know if she was going to come here.
我不知道她是否到这里来。
4. be+to do，表示“按计划安排将要做某事”。如：
The new shop is not to be opened till next Monday.
这家新店将要到下周一才开业。
One night an angel came to Mary and told her that she was to have this special boy.
一天晚上，一个天使到玛丽那里并告诉她将诞生一个特殊的婴儿。
【练习】翻译下列句子
1. 他们现在正在开会。They a meeting now.
2. 如今英语越来越重要了。English more and more important these days.
3. 窗户是汤姆打碎的。The window by Tom last week.
4. 世界各地都教英语。English all over the world.
5. 他下周要去纽约。He New York next week.
6. 我们要教新的学生。We the new students.
7. 他们昨天这个时候正在开会。They a meeting at this time yesterday.
8. 明天我们将到公园里去种树吗？ we trees in the park tomorrow?
【答案】1.are having 2. is becoming 3.was broken 4.is taught
5.is to go to 6.are to teach 7.were having 8.Are, going to plant
三、there be句型
Bbe可以用在there be 句型中。there be句式为：there be+主语部分＋状语部分，表示“某处存在某物”，有现在时、过去时和将来时等时态。如：
Oh, cool! And there are many things to see. There is even a deer park in Sanya.
哦，真酷！三亚有许多可看的东西，那儿甚至有一个鹿园。
There are about 80 goats on the top of the hill.
山顶上大约有八十只山羊。
Will there be a football match in your school next week?
下周你们学校将有一场足球赛吗？
【练习】用there be句型的适当形式填空
1. There a girl in the room now.
2. Look, there some apples on the tree.
3. there any kites in the classroom yesterday afternoon?
4. there any apple juice in the bottle?
5. There some bread on the plate.
6. There a boy, two girls, three men and ten women in the park at this time.
7. there a robot（机器人）in your factory in the near future（不久的将来）?
8. There two girls, a boy, three men and ten women in the park at this time.
【答案】1.is 2. are 3. Were 4. Is
5.is 6.is 7. Will, be 8. are
四、实义动词be
Be可以视为实义动词，因为它具有实际的词义，如“成为；做；发生；举行；逗留；到达”等。如：
I am a student now. （be+名词）
我现在是一个学生了。
This small bag is red. （be+形容词）
这个小小的包是红色的。
My little daughter was seven years old last year. （be+数词）
我的小女儿去年是七岁。
Whose socks are they? （be+代词）
这些袜子是谁的？
Your mother and father were both at home yesterday evening. （be+介词短语）
昨天晚上，你的爸爸和妈妈都在家。
My dream is to be a doctor. （be+不定式短语）
我的梦想是成为一名医生。
My dream is that I can be a doctor. （be+表语从句）
我的梦想是我能成为一名医生。
【练习】用be动词的适当形式填空
1. I a boy. you a boy? No, I not.
2. Look, this dog tall and fat.
3. The man with big eyes a teacher now.
4. Mike and Liu Tao at school the day before yesterday.
5. The two cups of milk for me.
6.The coat on the desk just now.
7. This pair of gloves for Yang Ling.
8. You, he and I from China.
9. Some cups of water on the table now.
10. Reading books and doing sports good for you.
【答案】1.am, Are, am 2. is 3. is 4. were 5. are
6.was 7.is 8. are 9. are 10. are
