篮球简介（中英文）

发布网友发布时间：2022-04-20 09:54

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热心网友时间：2022-07-12 09:42

篮球的起源

1891年12月初在美国马萨诸塞州斯普林菲尔德市*教青年会国际训练学校（后为春田学院），由该校体育教师詹姆斯·奈史密斯博士发明，当年的篮球规则只有13条，奈史密斯博士于1939年去世，终年78岁。他未曾料到，由他创建的篮球项目竟然在二百多个国家流传市面着，而且至今美国篮球还誉满全球。为了纪念奈史密斯博士发明的篮球的功绩，在春田学院校园内修建了美国篮球名人馆—詹姆斯·奈史密斯纪念馆。

起初，奈史密斯将两只桃篮别钉在键身房内看台的栏杆上，桃篮上沿距离地面3.04米，用足球作比赛工具，向篮投掷。投球入篮得1分，按得分多少决定胜负。每次投球进篮后，要爬梯子将球取出再重新开始比赛。以后逐步将竹篮改为活底的铁篮，再改为铁圈下面挂网。

到1893年，形成近似现代的篮板、篮圈和篮网。最初的篮球比赛，对上场人数、场地大小，比赛时间均无严格*。只需双方参加比赛的人数必须相等。比赛开始，双方队员分别站在两端线外，裁判员鸣哨并将球掷向球场中间，双方跑向场内抢球，开始比赛。持球者可以抱着球跑向篮下投篮，首先达到预定分数者为胜。 1892年，奈史密斯制定了13条比赛规则，主要规定是不准持球跑，不准有粗野动作，不准用拳击球，否则即判犯规连续3次犯规判负1分；比赛时间规定为上、下半时，各15分钟；对场地大小也作了规定。上场比赛人数逐步缩减为每队10人、9人、7人，1893年定为每队上场5人。

1904年在第3届奥林匹克运动会上第1次进行了篮球表演赛。1908年美国制定了全国统一的篮球规则，并有移种文字出版，发行于全世界，这样，篮球运动逐渐传遍美洲、欧洲和亚洲，成为世界性运动项目。 1936年第11届奥运会将男子篮球列为正式比赛项目，并统一了世界篮球竞赛规则，此后，到1948年的10多年间，规则曾多次修改，与现行规则有关的重要变化是：将得分后的中圈跳球，改为失分队在后场端线外掷界外球继续比赛；进攻队必须在10秒钟内把球推进到前场；球进前场后不得再回后场；进攻队员不得在“*区”内停留3秒钟；投篮队员被侵犯时，投中罚球1次，投不中罚球2次等。1952年和1956年第15、16两届奥运会的篮球比赛中，出现了两米以上的多人，国际业余篮球联合会曾两次扩大篮球场地的“限%D

热心网友时间：2022-07-12 09:42

Basketball is a athletic sport, usually played on an indoor court in which two competing teams of five layers each attempt to score by throwing an inflated ball so that it descends through one of two baskets suspended, at each end of the court, above their heads. The team scoring the most such throws, through field goals or foul shots, wins the game. Because of its continuous action and frequent scoring, basketball is one of the most popular spectator as well as participant sports in the world.

Basketball, extremely popular around the world, is a court game played by two teams of five players each. The object is to put a ball through a hoop, or basket, and thus score more points than the opposing team.

Although basketball can by played outdoors, it was invented to serve as an exciting indoor exercise for the winter months in a northern climate. It quickly became a spectator sport, however, and now attracts large audiences to gymnasiums and arenas, especially in the United States, South America, and Europe.

The sport is played on the amateur level by high schools, colleges, other groups, and, since 1936, by national teams in the Olympic Games. It also is played by professional athletes, notably in the United States and Europe. The foremost championships contended for are those of the National Basketball Association (U.S. professionals), the National Collegiate Athletic Association (U.S. colleges), and the Olympic Games.

热心网友时间：2022-07-12 09:43

A game played between two teams of five players each, the object being to throw the ball through an elevated basket on the opponent's side of the rectangular court.
篮球运动：一种球类运动，由两队组成，每队五个球员进行比赛，目的是把球投进长方形球场内对方的升高的篮网里

热心网友时间：2022-07-12 09:43

basketball

热心网友时间：2022-07-12 09:44

篮球（Basketball）
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