发布网友 发布时间:2022-04-30 15:05
共4个回答
热心网友 时间:2022-06-25 22:20
生活我们常常遇到说话时l、n不分的人,有的人是只会发n音,不会发l音,有的人是只会发l音不会发n音,还有的是有时候把l发成n,有时把n发成l,那么l和n发音不准怎么办呢?
先让我们看看l和n的正确发音方法是怎样的:
n:发音时,舌尖抵住上牙床,气流从鼻腔通过,同时冲开舌尖的阻碍,声带颤动。
l:发音时,嘴唇稍开,舌尖抵住上牙床,声带颤动,气流从舌尖两边流出。
可以看出都是舌尖抵住上牙床,只不过气流通过的路线不一样,所以才会有互相代偿的情况。
气流是通过鼻腔还是口腔,是由腭咽闭合功能决定的。其实发音动作是很复杂精确的动作,需要各部位的配合,不会发l音或者不会发n音大多是肌肉协调性不足造成的。
互相混淆有两种情况,一种是两个音都会发,只是无法对应具体的文字,另一种则是l或n和某些音素组合成音节时发生衔接上的障碍,这也大多是协调性不足的表现。比如“l”和“i”组成“li”、“lian”等音节时以“ni”、“nian”代替的情况,而一些l、n不分的情况这两种原因都存在。
其实很多l和n发音不准的人,大多知道自己的问题,却难以自我纠正,其实原因主要在于发音器官协调性不足,就像我们学习足球、篮球等体育项目中要求技巧比较高的动作一样,之所以学不会并不是动作本身做不出来,更多的是协调性不足,发音也是一种动作,和这些对技巧要求比较高的动作一样,儿童时期更容易学会,也更容易对错语动作进行调节,对于已经基本完成语言发育并还有明显的发音失误现象的人,一般都需要进行干预训练,这就是像体操运动员需要教练的指导一样。
一般如果是发音器官协调性不足导致的l和n发音不准,可以进行语音训练,得到准确的发音。
热心网友 时间:2022-06-25 22:20
发/n/时,口略微张开,舌前部抵住上齿龈,使口腔后半部分形成闭塞,声带振动,气流进入口腔经过回荡后折回,软腭下垂,气流即上升进入鼻腔后逸出,不要同时从口腔呼气。
发/l/时,口略微张开,舌前部抵住上齿龈,但前舌两侧不是把口腔出路封闭,声带振动,软腭上抬,堵住鼻腔通道,气流在口腔共鸣,从舌的两侧而出。
可见,发前者时,软腭下垂,不许从口腔送气;发后者时,气流不许同时从鼻腔送出,软腭要上升。部分四川、武汉、南京等地的人,/n/和/l/会分不清,正音时,可以捏住鼻子念/l/,用手捂住嘴,发鼻音/n/。下面是一篇介绍英语中的/n/和/l/的文章。
One big difference between these sounds is that the n sound is a nasal sound and the l sound is not. Wait--what's a nasal sound? Well, it's pretty simple. A nasal sound is a sound that comes out our nose. As odd at that sounds, it's easy to demonstrate nasal sounds with the m sound. Put your lips together and say the m sound (m sound). Now hold your nose shut while you try to say the m sound. You can't do it because the air has no way of leaving your vocal tract when both your nose is blocked and your lips are closed. The n sound is the same concept, only it's not quite as easy to demonstrate. With the n sound, the tongue blocks the air from leaving the mouth instead of the lips. Make an n sound (n sound) and feel the tip of your tongue press against your tooth ridge--that's the bump right behind your top front teeth--while the front sides of your tongue also press into your front side teeth. Pressing your tongue into your teeth and tooth ridge like this blocks the air from leaving your mouth.
Then, if we think about the most basic form of the l sound, the tip of the tongue is in a similar place in the mouth as it is for the n sound, but the area right behind the tip of the tongue is not touching our side teeth. Instead, there's a gap for air to go through. This allows the air to leave out our mouth instead of our nose.
If you're from the south of China, the sounds (n sound) and (l sound) might be interchangeable. However, to native English-speaking listeners, these are very different sounds. If you're from anywhere that uses the n sound and l sound interchangeably, words that include both of these sounds can be especially difficult.
希望我能帮助你解疑释惑。
热心网友 时间:2022-06-25 22:21
n和l发音不准的原因有很多,常见的是单纯的l音发音不准,很多地方方言也会nl不分,或者只会说n。热心网友 时间:2022-06-25 22:22
如果仅仅是L音发音不准,属于功能性构音障碍。需要到正规机构做语言矫正。一般三到五天即可矫正到正常。
L音发不准大多数是因为舌根部与口底相连的部位有两对肌肉张力过大,所以矫正的方法主要是通过肌肉放松训练。
L音是汉语中唯一的一个舌边音,对肌肉力量要求比较高,正常发这个音时是舌面肌肉用力,形成向上的弧度,气流从舌的两边出来,所以叫边音。
L音构音障碍的人发这个音时,由于舌根部有两对肌肉张力过大,起一个向后牵拉的作用,不能形成正常的弧度,而且舌根向上抬起,所以就发成舌根音或软腭音了。
矫正时,首先是通过放松训练来放松这两块肌肉,当这两块肌肉张力正常时,音就能发准了。