英语专升本关系代词和关系副词有哪些?

发布网友发布时间：2023-09-02 00:08

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热心网友时间：2天前

英语专升本关系代词和关系副词有哪些？关系代词（that, who, whom, whose, which）所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
例1. Is he the man who/that wants to see you?（who / that在从句中作主语，指人）
例2. He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.（whom / that在从句中作宾语，指人）
例3. They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.（whose在句中作定语，指人）
例4. Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.（whose在句中作定语，指物。若指物，它还可以同of which互换）
例5. The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that在句中作carry的宾语，指物）
关系副词（when, where, why, that）可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构，因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用。
例6. Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born.　
例7. Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer?　
例8. His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born.　
例9. He can’t find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago.
怎么判断英语专升本关系代词和关系副词？
方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如：
This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.
I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.
判断改错（注：先显示题，再显示答案，横线；用不同的颜色表示出。）
（错） This is the mountain village where I visited last year.
（错） I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.
（对） This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year.
（对） I'll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside.
习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。
方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状)，也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。
例1. Is this museum ___ you visited a few days age?
A. where　B. thatC. on whichD. the one
例2. Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held.
A. where B. thatC. on which D. the one
答案：例1 D，例2 A
例1变为肯定句： This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago.
例2变为肯定句： This is the museum ___ the exhibition was held.
在句1中，所缺部分为宾语，而where, that, on which都不能起到宾语的作用，只有the one既做了主句的表语，又可做从句的宾语，可以省略关系代词，所以应选D。
而句2中, 主、谓、宾俱全，从句部分为句子的状语表地点，既可用副词where，又因 in the museum词组，可用介词in + which 引导地点状语。而此题中，介词on 用的不对，所以选A。
关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分，先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词 (who, whom, that, which, whose)；先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词 ( where 地点状语，when 时间状语，why 原因状语) 。

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