被动语态被动语态详解(2)
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发布时间：2024-08-20 12:21
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时间：2024-08-26 02:43
被动语态是一种语法形式，用于强调动作的承受者而不是执行者。以下是被动语态在不同时态下的构成:
1. 一般现在时：is / am / are + 及物动词的过去分词，如"Our classroom is cleaned everyday.", "I am asked to study hard by my mother.", "Knives are used for cutting things."
2. 一般过去时：was / were + 及物动词的过去分词，如"The new shop was built last year.", "Dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago."
3. 现在完成时：has / have + been + 及物动词的过去分词，如"This book has been translated into many languages.", "Many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries."
4. 一般将来时：will + be + 及物动词的过去分词，如"A new hospital will be built in our city.", "Many more trees will be planted next year."
5. 含有情态动词：情态动词 + be + 及物动词的过去分词，如"Young trees must be watered often.", "Your mistakes should be corrected right now."
6. 现在进行时：am / is / are + being + 及物动词的过去分词，如"My bike is being repaired by Tom now.", "Trees are being planted over there by them."
7. 不及物动词无被动语态，如"What will happen in 100 years.", "The dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago."
有些动词可用主动形式表示被动意义，如"This pen writes well.", "This new book sells well."
感官动词和使役动词在被动语态中需加上"to"，如"make somebody do something → somebody + be + made to do something", "see somebody do something → somebody + be + seen to do something."
接双宾语的动词变成被动语态时，需加上介词，如"He gave me a book. → A book was given to me by him."
动词短语在被动语态中保持整体，如"We can’t laugh at him. → He can’t be laughed at by us.", "He listens to the radio every day. → The radio is listened to by him every day."
被动语态的基本构成是"be + done"的形式，强调动作的承受者。
扩展资料
语态是动词的一种形式，它表示主语和谓语的关系。语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。如果主语是动作的执行者，或者是说动作是由主语完成的，要用主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者，或者是说动作不是由主语而是由其他人完成的，则用被动语态。
